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CVR Biweekly 3 > Arrhythmias- Batten > Flashcards

Arrhythmias- Batten Flashcards

1
Q
A

early after depolarizations (EADs)

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2
Q
A

delayed after depolarizations (DADs)

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3
Q
A

sinus arrhythmia (same p wave)

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4
Q
A

Wandering atrial pacemaker (different p’s, normal rate)

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5
Q

narrow QRS, upright T

A

PAC (premature atrial contractions)

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6
Q

wide QRS, inverted T

A

PVC (premature ventricular contraction)

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7
Q

long PR

A

First degree heart block

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8
Q

this heart block is benign unless doing a workup for Rheumatic Fever

A

first degree

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9
Q
A

second degree heart block: Wenckebach

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10
Q
A

second degree heart block: Mobitz type II

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11
Q

this is due to delayed conduction through AV node

A

Mobitz type I: Wenckebache

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12
Q

this is due to impaired His-Purkinje conduction

A

Mobitz type II

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13
Q

atria and ventricles beat independently of each other

A

third degree heart block (CHB)

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14
Q

causes of this include:
aging
hypothyroidism
high vagal tone (athletes)
medications

A

sinus bradycardia (causes bradyarrhythmias)

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15
Q

causes of this include:
sick sinus syndrome

A

sinus node dysfunction (causes bradyarrhythmias)

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16
Q

MI and Lyme disease can cause what

A

bradyarrhythmia

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17
Q

can cause complete heart block; syncopal episodes; stokes adams attacks; bull’s eye rash

A

Lyme Disease

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18
Q

symptoms of this include:
most asymptomatic
dizziness
fatigue
confusion
syncope

A

bradyarrhythmias

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19
Q

causes of this include:
Atrial Enlargement
alcohol
thyrotoxicosis

A

AFib

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20
Q

wavy baseline

A

AFib

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21
Q

“irregularly irregular”

A

AFib

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22
Q

sawtooth p waves

A

Atrial flutter

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23
Q

caused by:
pre-existing heart disease
atrial scarring
previous ablation

A

Atrial flutter

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24
Q

conduction is forward (anterograde) down AV node and His bundle; QRS narrow

A

orthodromic (AV nodal reentry tachycardia)

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25
Q

conduction is backwards (retrograde) up AV node (going down accessory pathway); QRS wide—-looks like VTach

A

anti-dromic (AV reentry tachycardia)

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26
Q

2 main types of SVTs (supraventricular tachycardia)

A

AV nodal reentry tachycardia
AV reentry tachycardia

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27
Q

p wave hidden in QRS

A

AV nodal reentry tachycardia

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28
Q
A

AV nodal reentry tachycardia

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29
Q

retrograde p wave (behind QRS)

A

AV reentry tachycardia

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30
Q
A

AV reentry tachycardia

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31
Q

bypasses tract b/t atria and ventricle through Bundle of Kent (faster than going through AV node)

A

WPW syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White)

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32
Q

short PR
delta wave
wide QRS
t wave abnormalities

A

WPW syndrome

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33
Q
A

WPW syndrome

34
Q

causes of this:
fever, hypoxemia, anemia
hyperthyroidism, CHF

A

sinus tachycardia

35
Q

causes of this:
reentry, triggered, automaticity

A

SVT (supraventricular tachycardia)

36
Q

this syndrome is associated with sudden death

A

WPW syndrome

37
Q

sx’s of this:
palpitations
sob
dizziness
exercise intolerance
syncope

A

sinus tachycardia and SVT

38
Q
A

VTach (ventricular tachycardia)

39
Q

caused by:
DADs or reentry into ventricle

A

VTach

40
Q

3 or more PVC’s in a row

A

VTach

41
Q
A

VFib (ventricular fibrillation)

42
Q

heart looks like bag of worms due to lack of organized contractions

A

VFib

43
Q
A

Torsades de Pointes

44
Q

twisting of the points; polymorphic Vtach

A

Torsades de Pointes

45
Q

due to EADs

A

TdP

46
Q

what is prolonged

A

QT interval

47
Q

2 kinds of QT intervals

A

acquired
congenital

48
Q

what can cause acquired QT intervals

A

drugs (K+channel blockers, 1A Na+ channel blockers)
low levels of electrolytes

49
Q

how do people with prolonged QT interval present

A

syncope, seizure, sudden cardiac arrest

50
Q

AD; K+ channelopathy; long QT; no hearing deficit

A

Romano Ward

51
Q

KCNQ1; long QT; deafness

A

Jervell and Lange-Nielsen

52
Q

ST elevation w/ T wave inversions in leads V1-3; Na+ channelopathy

A

Brugada Syndrome

53
Q

what causes congenital prolonged QT interval

A

Na+/K+ channelopathy

54
Q

KCNQ1 gene involved in; and what triggers arrhythmia

A

LQTS type I; swimming (exercise)

55
Q

KCNH2 gene involved in; and what triggers arrhythmia

A

LQTS type II; auditory stimuli/stress

56
Q

SCN5A gene involved in; triggered by what

A

LQTS type III; sleep (most lethal)

57
Q

syndrome caused by SCN5A (Na+ channelopathy) and very rare in US

A

Brugada syndrome

58
Q

causes of this include:
anomalous coronary a. origin
post MI
noncompaction of LV
ventricular hypertrophy

A

ventricular arrhythmias

59
Q

hit in heart and go into Vfib and die

A

Commotio cordis

60
Q

symptoms of this include:
asymptomatic
palpitations
dizziness
syncope

A

nonsustained VTach

61
Q

symptoms of this include:
pulmonary edema, CHF, death

A

sustained VTach

62
Q

symptoms of this include:
sudden cardiac arrest, death (can happen post MI)

A

VFib

63
Q

most common cause of multifocal atrial tachycardia

A

COPD

64
Q

patient complaining of chest pain and passing out; EKG shows LVH (large R in V6) and inverted T

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

65
Q
A

Wenckbache

66
Q

where to check for AFlut

A

II, III, aVF

67
Q

bradycardic and random p waves

A

complete heart block

68
Q
A

J Point

69
Q

peaked p wave in lead II

A

R atrial enlargement

70
Q

negative or biphasic p wave in V1

A

L atrial enlargement

71
Q

3 or more PVC’s in a row

A

VTACH

72
Q
A

PACs

73
Q
A

VTACH

74
Q
A

WPW

75
Q
A

RBBB

76
Q

tetralogy of fallot that was operated on can cause what

A

RBBB

77
Q
A

LBBB

78
Q
A

L atrial enlargement (V1)

79
Q

WPW best seen in what leads

A

Lead I, V4-V6

80
Q
A

WPW (L)
VFIB (R)

CVR Biweekly 3 (12 decks)

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