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CVR Biweekly 3 > Arrhythmias- Batten > Flashcards

Arrhythmias- Batten Flashcards

1
Q
A

early after depolarizations (EADs)

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2
Q
A

delayed after depolarizations (DADs)

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3
Q
A

sinus arrhythmia (same p wave)

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4
Q
A

Wandering atrial pacemaker (different p’s, normal rate)

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5
Q

narrow QRS, upright T

A

PAC (premature atrial contractions)

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6
Q

wide QRS, inverted T

A

PVC (premature ventricular contraction)

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7
Q

long PR

A

First degree heart block

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8
Q

this heart block is benign unless doing a workup for Rheumatic Fever

A

first degree

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9
Q
A

second degree heart block: Wenckebach

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10
Q
A

second degree heart block: Mobitz type II

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11
Q

this is due to delayed conduction through AV node

A

Mobitz type I: Wenckebache

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12
Q

this is due to impaired His-Purkinje conduction

A

Mobitz type II

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13
Q

atria and ventricles beat independently of each other

A

third degree heart block (CHB)

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14
Q

causes of this include:
aging
hypothyroidism
high vagal tone (athletes)
medications

A

sinus bradycardia (causes bradyarrhythmias)

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15
Q

causes of this include:
sick sinus syndrome

A

sinus node dysfunction (causes bradyarrhythmias)

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16
Q

MI and Lyme disease can cause what

A

bradyarrhythmia

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17
Q

can cause complete heart block; syncopal episodes; stokes adams attacks; bull’s eye rash

A

Lyme Disease

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18
Q

symptoms of this include:
most asymptomatic
dizziness
fatigue
confusion
syncope

A

bradyarrhythmias

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19
Q

causes of this include:
Atrial Enlargement
alcohol
thyrotoxicosis

A

AFib

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20
Q

wavy baseline

A

AFib

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21
Q

“irregularly irregular”

A

AFib

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22
Q

sawtooth p waves

A

Atrial flutter

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23
Q

caused by:
pre-existing heart disease
atrial scarring
previous ablation

A

Atrial flutter

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24
Q

conduction is forward (anterograde) down AV node and His bundle; QRS narrow

A

orthodromic (AV nodal reentry tachycardia)

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25
conduction is backwards (retrograde) up AV node (going down accessory pathway); QRS wide----looks like VTach
anti-dromic (AV reentry tachycardia)
26
2 main types of SVTs (supraventricular tachycardia)
AV nodal reentry tachycardia AV reentry tachycardia
27
p wave hidden in QRS
AV nodal reentry tachycardia
28
AV nodal reentry tachycardia
29
retrograde p wave (behind QRS)
AV reentry tachycardia
30
AV reentry tachycardia
31
bypasses tract b/t atria and ventricle through Bundle of Kent (faster than going through AV node)
WPW syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White)
32
short PR delta wave wide QRS t wave abnormalities
WPW syndrome
33
WPW syndrome
34
causes of this: fever, hypoxemia, anemia hyperthyroidism, CHF
sinus tachycardia
35
causes of this: reentry, triggered, automaticity
SVT (supraventricular tachycardia)
36
this syndrome is associated with sudden death
WPW syndrome
37
sx's of this: palpitations sob dizziness exercise intolerance syncope
sinus tachycardia and SVT
38
VTach (ventricular tachycardia)
39
caused by: DADs or reentry into ventricle
VTach
40
3 or more PVC's in a row
VTach
41
VFib (ventricular fibrillation)
42
heart looks like bag of worms due to lack of organized contractions
VFib
43
Torsades de Pointes
44
twisting of the points; polymorphic Vtach
Torsades de Pointes
45
due to EADs
TdP
46
what is prolonged
QT interval
47
2 kinds of QT intervals
acquired congenital
48
what can cause acquired QT intervals
drugs (K+channel blockers, 1A Na+ channel blockers) low levels of electrolytes
49
how do people with prolonged QT interval present
syncope, seizure, sudden cardiac arrest
50
AD; K+ channelopathy; long QT; no hearing deficit
Romano Ward
51
KCNQ1; long QT; deafness
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen
52
ST elevation w/ T wave inversions in leads V1-3; Na+ channelopathy
Brugada Syndrome
53
what causes congenital prolonged QT interval
Na+/K+ channelopathy
54
KCNQ1 gene involved in; and what triggers arrhythmia
LQTS type I; swimming (exercise)
55
KCNH2 gene involved in; and what triggers arrhythmia
LQTS type II; auditory stimuli/stress
56
SCN5A gene involved in; triggered by what
LQTS type III; sleep (most lethal)
57
syndrome caused by SCN5A (Na+ channelopathy) and very rare in US
Brugada syndrome
58
causes of this include: anomalous coronary a. origin post MI noncompaction of LV ventricular hypertrophy
ventricular arrhythmias
59
hit in heart and go into Vfib and die
Commotio cordis
60
symptoms of this include: asymptomatic palpitations dizziness syncope
nonsustained VTach
61
symptoms of this include: pulmonary edema, CHF, death
sustained VTach
62
symptoms of this include: sudden cardiac arrest, death (can happen post MI)
VFib
63
most common cause of multifocal atrial tachycardia
COPD
64
patient complaining of chest pain and passing out; EKG shows LVH (large R in V6) and inverted T
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
65
Wenckbache
66
where to check for AFlut
II, III, aVF
67
bradycardic and random p waves
complete heart block
68
J Point
69
peaked p wave in lead II
R atrial enlargement
70
negative or biphasic p wave in V1
L atrial enlargement
71
3 or more PVC's in a row
VTACH
72
PACs
73
VTACH
74
WPW
75
RBBB
76
tetralogy of fallot that was operated on can cause what
RBBB
77
LBBB
78
L atrial enlargement (V1)
79
WPW best seen in what leads
Lead I, V4-V6
80
WPW (L) VFIB (R)

CVR Biweekly 3 (12 decks)

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