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ARRT TEST 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following can cause delays in lactogenesis?

A

high levels of cortisol

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2
Q

What type of artifact is associated with patient movement distorting the image?

A

motion artifact

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3
Q

The characteristics of the mammography system would include all but which of the following?

Dose efficiency

Spatial resolution

Image noise transfer

Variable noise patterns

A

Variable noise patterns

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4
Q

The caudocranial (FB) projection prevents the abdomen from:

A

entering the x-ray field

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5
Q

A clinical breast exam is performed by whom?

A

physician

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6
Q

Which of the following is the most common anomaly of the breast?

A

Polythelia

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7
Q

Tight clusters and irregular shapes of breast calcifications are an indicator for what?

A

breast cancer

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8
Q

Which of the following is considered an artifact caused by the image detector?

Dust spots

Image noise

Dead pixels

Hazy segments

A

dead pixels

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9
Q

What subcategory of BIRADS IV is associated with intermediate level of suspicion for malignancy?

A

Category 4b

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10
Q

Five to ten percent of invasive breast tumors are classified as which of the following?

A

lobular carcinoma

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11
Q

If a patient presents with special circumstances, such as excess scar tissue, what type of mammogram should be used?

A

diagnostic mammogram

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12
Q

Which of the following might be considered a complication of simple mastectomy?

A

flap necrosis

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13
Q

What is the advantage of a SOFT paddle over a conventional paddle?

A

It provides equal compression to all areas of the breast

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14
Q

In an analog mammography unit, a grid improves image contrast by letting the primary x-ray beam pass through:

A

its interspace material

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15
Q

Compared to analog mammography, digital mammography is a better method of obtaining mammograms because it allows for what

A

gray areas

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16
Q

XCCL requires what?

A

The lateral aspect of the breast to be placed in a forward position.

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17
Q

Unlike a core needle biopsy, a vacuum-assisted biopsy is able to obtain multiple biopsy samples by doing what?

A

creating one insertion site

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18
Q

How long does ductography typically take to perform?

A

30 minutes to an hour to complete

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19
Q

Total filtration is equal to which of the following?

A

inherent + added

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20
Q

In which MLO section will the anterior breast be held and supported outward while the breast is compressed?

A

Central and posterior deep tissue.

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21
Q

When viewing the digital image on the monitor, the radiologist can refine the image by using all but which of the following?

Zoom

Changing contrast

Window/leveling

Inverting the image

A

Changing contrast

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22
Q

VNA

A

Vendor neutral archive.

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23
Q

Which of the following categories of the BI-RADS assessment categories requires findings less than 2% for malignancy risk?

A

BIRAD 3

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24
Q

Fibrous tissue that forms in the breast is known as which of the following?

A

fibrosis

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25
Which of the following would not cause blurring in a mammogram image? Equipment that is defective Patient motion Too short of exposure Too long exposure
Too short of exposure
26
Skin can be taken from which of the following for nipple reconstruction?
inner thigh
27
Records must be kept for each serious consumer complaint received at a facility for at least 3 years. Which of the following would not be considered a "serious" complaint? Poor image quality Protracted waiting time Use of personnel that do not meet FDA qualifications Failure to send reports or summaries within 30 days
Protracted waiting time
28
Which of the following is a standard and the best-established perceptual image quality metric that is of direct clinical relevance?
ROC
29
Which of the following would be considered secondary radiation?
scatter
30
A hospital information system (HIS) is designed to do what for a facility? Manage information regarding inpatients Manage information regarding staff and administrators Manage all physician and practioner information for a facility Manage all medical and administrative information
Manage all medical and administrative information
31
Which of the following might ductal carcinoma present with? Green drainage Microcalcifications Masses Both B and C
Both B and C
32
How does having breast cancer in one breast impact a woman's chances of developing it in the other breast?
Increases it 3 to 4 times
33
Breast ultrasounds are especially beneficial for patients with which of the following?
dense breast
34
How does the breast tissue extend?
from side to side
35
Which of the following is a category used to calculate a medical audits’ derived data? Summative data Correlated data Collimation True positives
True positives
36
Which of the following would best describe the focal spot with a mammogram? The highest level of radiation being emitted The center of the X-ray machine The spot the anode tube intrudes on the electron beam The spot the electron beam intrudes on the anode tube
The spot the electron beam intrudes on the anode tube
37
What process involves lining up the mammographic views from largest angle to the lowest angle?
triangulation
38
A type of audit that evaluates the interpreters ability to identify cancer on a mammographic image is known as: A tumor registry assessment A medical outcomes audit A cancer study An oncology audit
A medical outcomes audit
39
Radiation that is focused from a beam outside the body onto the areas where cancer was present is known as which of the following?
external beam radiation
40
There are different divisions of an HIS system. The physician information system is designed to help physicians do which of the following? Manage work hours Manage their nursing staff Manage patient care costs Manage patient care tools
Manage patient care tools
41
What is one common limitation of screening mammograms?
they can produce false results
42
A diagnostic procedure for breast cancer in which an tumor less than 2 cm is removed in its entirety for biopsy is known as which of the following?
exisional biopsy
43
A quality control system that refers to mammary assessment categories is known as which of the following?
BIRADS
44
MGD
Mean Glandular dose
45
When performing a pneumocystogram, the lesion would more than likely be injected with which of the following prior to the mammogram being performed?
air
46
The breast is supported by tissue between which two ribs?
Second and third
47
How should a patient's arm be positioned for an LM view? The arm on the side being imaged should be above the patient's head. The arm on the side being imaged should be lifted, bent at the elbow and grasping the handle. The arm on the side being imaged should be at the patient's side. Both arms should be bent at the elbow.
The arm on the side being imaged should be lifted, bent at the elbow and grasping the handle.
48
When positioning the patient for an LM view, where should the image receptor be placed?
In between the patient's breasts
49
The tangential view is used for abnormalities that are suspected in which part of the breast?
the skin
50
What part of the glandular tissue empties into lactiferous ducts?
Ductules
51
Which of the following situations would require the technologist to use a spot compression view? During the patient's routine screening mammogram. The physician suspects a mass in upper quadrant of the breast. The physician believes the patient is at higher risk for breast cancer. The patient has not had a mammogram for several years.
The physician suspects a mass in upper quadrant of the breast.
52
The network software that is used for managing medical imagery, radiological records, and associated data is known as which of the following?
RIS (Radiology information system)
53
If a patient is being evaluated with tests and/or procedures to help determine if they have breast cancer, which of the following combinations would be considered correct? Ultrasound, BSE, and clinical examination Mammography, ultrasound, and surgery BSE, ultrasound, and chest x-ray Diagnostic mammography and clinical breast examination
Diagnostic mammography and clinical breast examination
54
Of the following, what is the second step when using XCCL? Direct the beam superior to inferior Face patient toward unit, feet forward Lean patient inward, relaxing shoulders Bring inferior part of breast onto image receptor
Face patient toward unit, feet forward
55
Which of the following would be considered a picture element? Conversion Wavelength Pixel Byte
Pixel
56
Which of the following would be considered a correct statement regarding the breast? Ducts branch far from the nipple Glandular tissue is not found near the nipple At the nipple, subcutaneous fat is minimal At the nipple, subcutaneous fat is at its maximum
At the nipple, subcutaneous fat is minimal
57
Any opacity on a radiograph that does not correspond to an actual anatomic structure from the patient is known as what?
An artifact
58
Lobules contain about how many supporting alveoli?
10-100
59
All of the following are advantages of using the HTC (high-transmission grid) except: It can absorb more scatter x-rays. Interspace material is still needed. It allows more through transmission of more primary x-rays. A higher contrast image is produced with a similar dose to the conventional grid.
Interspace material is still needed.
60
Every workstation is equipped with imaging software and every user must have ___ before accessing? Special reading glasses A password A supervisor present Extensive training
A password
61
Which of the following can provide a single and consolidated archiving platform that can host files from various PACS software?
VNA
62
A backscatter artifact is a type of what?
digital artifact

Mammography Registry (12 decks)

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