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Third Year Second Semester > Art History Final Exam > Flashcards

Art History Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Abstract/abstraction

A

Africa – origins of human creativity
Pablo Picasso sees sculptures from Africa and begins incorporating visuals in work
Simplistic, static, abstract simplified form of African style, appealed to avante garde – ignored ritual significance
Cubism

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2
Q

Age of exploration

A

Great age of overseas expansion

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3
Q

Berlin conference, 1884-85

A

How to border off Africa

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4
Q

Benin Bronzes

A

Royal Arts – something like 3,000 artifacts that belong to category of Benin Bronzes
British museum, 50 plaques on display, but 1,000 in storage
Cannot be readily found in modern-day Benin
Relief plaque made in lost plaque technique
Bringing copper to Benin for trade/Copper bracelets as currency
Notion of overseas trade source of kingdom wealth
River-leaf pattern = Olokun
(Punitive expedition)

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5
Q

Benin Kingdom

A

Colonial Africa – The scramble for Africa
Benin – territorial claim of Britain
Ancient Benin in Nigeria
Benin bronzes not all made of bronze – Ivory, wood, tusks, leopard statues

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6
Q

Black ships

A

Coal powered ships
Perception of black ships in Japan – depictions look demonic + personified
The American depiction looks measured and methodical

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7
Q

Bokashi technique

A

The gradation of colour to form a sense of space

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8
Q

British punitive expedition

A

Of 1897: A retaliative war, seize Benin “loot”

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9
Q

Commodore Matthew Perry (British soldier)

A

Sailed to Japan, demanded opening of trade

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10
Q

Colonial/colonizing/colonization

A

Subsequent colonization, and then to the post-independence interactions with the West
Times article talk about sudden arrival of Portuguese sailor in 1450
“With their pale skin, the visitors fit an existing visual model for supernatural beings. That they came by sea, the realm of spirits and of the dead, reinforced this identity…”

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11
Q

Contemporary photography

A

Take photos for function + art

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12
Q

Cubism/cubist

A

shifting perspectives by putting it in one image

Collapsing length/depth/height/4th dimension of time

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13
Q

Deadpan (in photography)

A
  • Shot straight on
  • Flat or undramatic light
  • A documentation context
  • Unemotional
  • ‘Boring’ or understated
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14
Q

Edo/Tokyo

A

Read modernization: Edo is no longer Edo, Edo is becoming Tokyo during Meji restoratio; Tokyo residence of emperor

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15
Q

Edo Period

A

1185, Japan was ruled by warrior elite = Shogun (military dictators)

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16
Q

Europhilia

A

A Europhile is a person who is fond of, admires, or loves European culture, society, history, food, music etc.

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17
Q

Exotic/Exoticizing

A

Seeing the “Other” as excessively different

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18
Q

Hiroshige

A

Utagawa Hiroshige influenced by Mount Fuji (multiple individuals named Hiroshige, likely related)

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19
Q

Iberian art

A

Iberian sculpture – terracotta colour and heavy sculptur: ‘primitive’

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20
Q

Industrialization

A

Jules Ferry – Pushing to expand France’s economy; mentions France’s need for new export markets… ideas of cultural and racial superiority : “superior races have right over inferior races… duty to civilize”
David Livingstone – “A prospect is before us of opening Africa for commerce and the Gospel…give him the light of Christianity”
Factories, ect.

21
Q

Imperial etc.

A

Practice of colonialism – idea of imperialism + nationalism

22
Q

Impressionism

A

Impressionists accused of being slap-dash, but credited with being systematic and methodological in their approach

  • Studying light
  • Paying attention to colour
23
Q

Japonisme

A

A French term coined in the late 19th century to describe the craze for Japanese art and design in the West

24
Q

Josiah Conder (architect)

A

A British architect who was hired by the Meiji Japanese government as a professor of architecture for the Imperial College of Engineering and became architect of Japan’s Public Works

25
Q

Kesai Eisen

A

The Courtesan (after Eisen) – copy of cover by Kesai Eisen

26
Q

Meiji Restoration

A

Restoration of Imperial rule

27
Q

Modernism/modernity

A

Modernism – brought about by the industrial revolution

28
Q

Mount Fuji

A

Mount Fuji (lone mountain) – element of the traditional

29
Q

Mudfish

A

King’s dual nature as both human and divine

30
Q

Nation-state/nationalism

A

National art; Western idea set in nation-state boundaries

31
Q

Oba

A

Benin ruler

32
Q

The “Other”

A

Sense of exoticism/preconceptions/viewing differences as separate from yourself

33
Q

Olokun

A

Spiritual counterpart to Oba

34
Q

Pointilism

A

“bedlam” “scandal” and “hilarity”

Dissolves brushstrokes to engage with what the eye fundamentally observes through the optic nerve

35
Q

Portuguese

A
  • Hat/feather

- Holding hoop shaped object likely a manila

36
Q

‘Primitive’ art

A

African masks and statuary, sculptures from the Iberian Peninsula

37
Q

Printmaking

A

Printmaking as a product of line

Makes multiples

38
Q

Realism

A

Realism - morals in painting

39
Q

“scramble for Africa”

A

Colonial Africa – The scramble for Africa

40
Q

Shogun

A

Military dictators in Japan during Edo period

41
Q

Southern barbarians

A

Japanese

42
Q

Blue-eyed barbarians

A

Westerners

43
Q

Surrealism

A

A twentieth-century literary, philosophical, and artistic movement that explored the workings of the mind, championing the irrational, the poetic, and the revolutionary
Mind, dreamscapes, subconscious, Freud, Id, etc.

44
Q

Tableau photography

A

A ‘tableau vivant’ French meaning “living picture.” Before photography was invented, it was a popular pastime to recreate scenes from famous paintings at parties. Participants would dress up, use props, backgrounds and poses to re-stage the original image

45
Q

Tengu

A

Tengu are a type of legendary creature found in Japanese folk religion. They are considered a type of yōkai or Shinto kami. The tengu were originally thought to take the forms of birds of prey, and they are traditionally depicted with both human and avian characteristics.

46
Q

ukiyo-e (images of the floating world)

A

Line and pattern drive composition: image is flat and decorative, influenced by Japanese aesthetics

47
Q

West/Westernization

A

Westernization also looks outward at international ring
Constitutional monarchy – sign of westernization, but intended to earn Western/European approval
Colonize or be colonized

48
Q

Woodblock print

A

Woodblock printing or block printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper.

Third Year Second Semester (3 decks)

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