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Vascular Board > Arterial testing chapter 3 > Flashcards

Arterial testing chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Pain in muscles usually occurring during exercise (activity); Subsides with rest.

A

Claudication (intermittent)

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2
Q

Level of disease usually proximal to location of symptoms

A

Claudication (intermittent)

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3
Q

Chronic Occlusive disease

A

Claudication or Ischemic Rest pain, Tissue loss

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4
Q

Sever symptom of reduced blood flow (loss of perfusion)

A

Ischemic rest pain

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5
Q

Necrosis or death of tissue

A

Tissue loss

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6
Q

Symptoms include the 6 p’s: Pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, polar (cold)

A

Acute arterial occlusion

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7
Q

Emergency situation since no time for development of collateral channels - No collaterals

A

Acute arterial occlusion

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8
Q

Symptoms of intermittent digital ischemia occur due to cold exposure or emotional stress.

A

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

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9
Q

Changes I skin color may include pallor, cyanosis, or rubor (color change in fingers)

A

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

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10
Q

Ischemia due to digital arterial spasm (healthy)

Common in young women; may be hereditary, bilateral

Benign condition- (does not lead to gangrene)

A

Primary Raynaud’s

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11
Q

Underlying disease

Normal vasoconstriction of arterioles present with a fixed artery obstruction. Ischemia constantly present

A

Secondary Raynaud’s

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12
Q

May be the first manifestation of Buerger’s disease

A

Secondary Raynaud’s

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13
Q

swelling of blood vessels (smoking/tobacco use inflammation, can clot ischemic

A

Buerger’s disease

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14
Q

A concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin, causes bluish discoloration

A

Cyanosis

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15
Q

Result of deficient blood supply; skin pale

A

Pallor

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16
Q

Suggests dilated vessels or vessels dilated secondary to reactive hyperemia; skin is reddened

A

Rubor

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17
Q

Normal capillary refill time is

A

less 3 seconds

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18
Q

An increase in the capillary refill time denotes

A

decrease in arterial perfusion

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19
Q

Press on the skin to see how long color comes back

A

Capillary filling

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20
Q

Ulcerations location

A

Tibial area, foot toes.

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21
Q

Cadaveric pallor during elevation with ruborous red discoloration with dependency (dependent rubor)

A

Elevation/dependency changes

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22
Q

When the hangs down

hydrostatic pressure

A

Dependent rubor

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23
Q

Enlarged

Aneurysms can be palpated and described as

A

Bounding in palpation

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24
Q

Rhythmic pulsation of artery

A

signifies adequate circulatory status.

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25
Q

Grading pulses on scale of

A

0 (none) - 4+

26
Q

Palpable thrill over pulse site may indicate

A

Fistula, a patent dialysis access site or post-stenotic turbulence.

27
Q

Aorta, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis (DPA), posterior tibial (PTA)

A

Palpable pulse

28
Q

The peroneal artery is not

A

Palpable

29
Q

Bruit auscultation is more often done with

A

Carotid examination

30
Q

Diabetes, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Smoking, Other

A

Risk factors

31
Q

Atherosclerosis, Higher incidence of disease, Medial calcification develops in LE arteries, Poor sensation (neuropathy), Higher incidence of gangrenous change

A

Diabetes

32
Q

More common in; occurs in at a younger age

A

Atherosclerosis

33
Q

Higher incidence of disease

A

Distal pop, and tibial arteries

34
Q

This is associated with increased risked for cardiovascular events; death usually related to heart disease

A

Medial calcification develops in LE arteries

35
Q

May lead to increased injury

A

Neuropathy

36
Q

Atherosclerosis (obliterans)

A

99%

37
Q

Thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the artery walls (less of kinetic energy)

A

Most common arterial pathology

38
Q

Changes occur in what layers of the vessel

A

Intima and medial layer

39
Q

Carotid bifurcation
Aorto-iliac system
CFA bifurcation
SFA-Distal-abductor canal

A

Most common sites

40
Q

what syndrome that is caused by obstruction of the aorta occurs in males

A

Leriche syndrome

41
Q 
Symptoms of\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Fatigue in hips, thighs, or calves with exercise
Absence of femoral pulses
Impotence
Often times, pallor and coldness of LE
A

Leriche Syndrome

42
Q

Obstruction of vessel by foreign substance or blood clot

A

Embolism

43
Q

Dilatation of all three arterial wall layers

A

True aneurysm

44
Q

Diffuse, circumferential dilatation

A

Fusiform

45
Q

Localized “sac-like”

A

Saccular

46
Q

small tear of the inner wall allows blood to form cavity between two walls layers (occurs more often in thoracic aorta

A

Dissecting aneurysm

47
Q

Results from a defect in the main artery wall (post catherization)

A

Pseudoaneurysm

48
Q

The most common location of a true aneurysm

A

Infrarenal aorta

49
Q

To pulsatile structure outside vessel walls pulsatile hematoma :to and fro flow”

A

Pseudoaneurysm

50
Q

Patients with one aneurysm have incidence of ____

A

2

51
Q

More often in a pseudo of the _____ or _____ as opposed to elsewhere.

A

CFA or Popliteal A.

52
Q

Rupture of the aortic aneurysm; emobolization of the peripheral aneurysms “blue toe”

A

Most frequent complication of pseudoaneurysm

53
Q

Inflammation of small vessels - finger and toes

A

Arteritis

54
Q

Types of arteritis is

A

Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)

55
Q

Narrowing of the Aorta

A

Coarctation of the aorta

56
Q

One of the several congenital anomalies of arterial system

A

Narrowing of the aorta

57
Q

Coarctation of the aorta usually occurs in the _____ but also can occur in the ______

A

Thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta

58
Q

clinical findings of coarctation:
due to decreased kidney perfusion
Ischemia e.g., reduced pulses

A

Hypertension

Symptoms of LE

59
Q

Flow velocities differ in each lumen

A

Dissection

60
Q

No dilation 2 compartments 2 different flows

A

Dissection

61
Q

If a aorta ruptures it can cause _____

A

Death

Vascular Board (8 decks)

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