Arteries Of Head And Neck

Question 1

Q

Answer 1

A

Question 2

How many parts does the subclavian artery have?

Answer 2

Three parts

Question 3

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 3

Vertebral artery

Question 4

What are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 4

Costocervical trunk

Question 5

What are the branches of the third part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 5

Dorsal scapular artery

Question 6

Where does the first part of the subclavian artery lie?

Answer 6

Medial to the anterior scalene muscle

Question 7

Where does the second part of the subclavian artery lie?

Answer 7

Behind the anterior scalene muscle

Question 8

Where does the third part of the subclavian artery lie?

Answer 8

Lateral to the anterior scalene muscle

Question 9

Name the three scalene muscles.

Answer 9

Anterior scalene

Question 10

What is the origin of the anterior scalene?

Answer 10

Transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae

Question 11

What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?

Answer 11

First rib

Question 12

What is the origin of the middle scalene?

Answer 12

Transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae

Question 13

What is the insertion of the middle scalene?

Answer 13

First rib

Question 14

What is the origin of the posterior scalene?

Answer 14

Transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae

Question 15

What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?

Answer 15

Second rib

Question 16

Do the scalene muscles form the floor of any triangle?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What lies anterior to the vertebrae?

Answer 17

Prevertebral fascia

Question 18

What structure lies immediately posterior to the trachea?

Answer 18

Esophagus

Question 19

What structure lies anterior to the trachea?

Answer 19

Thyroid gland and cartilages (thyroid

Question 20

Which cartilage is directly above the trachea?

Answer 20

Cricoid cartilage

Question 22

Q: Where does the subclavian artery arise from on the left and right sides?

Answer 22

A: The left subclavian artery arises from the arch of the aorta at T2, while the right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk.

Question 23

Q: Between which two muscles does the subclavian artery pass?

Answer 23

A: The subclavian artery passes between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.

Question 24

Q: On which rib does the subclavian artery lie?

Answer 24

A: The subclavian artery lies on the first rib, behind the clavicle.

Question 25

Q: When does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

Answer 25

A: The subclavian artery continues as the axillary artery after crossing the lateral border of the first rib.

Question 26

Q: Which part of the subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery?

Answer 26

A: The first part of the subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery.

Question 27

Q: Through which structures does the vertebral artery travel, and where does it terminate?

Answer 27

A: The vertebral artery passes through the transverse foramina from C6 to C1, enters the suboccipital triangle, and unites with the opposite vertebral artery to form the basilar artery.

Question 28

Q: What are the intracranial branches of the vertebral artery?

Answer 28

A: The intracranial branches of the vertebral artery include meningeal branches, posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and branches to the medulla and pons.

Question 29

Q: Which artery gives rise to the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 29

A: The subclavian artery gives rise to the thyrocervical trunk.

Question 30

Q: Which two arteries arise from the thyrocervical trunk and supply the scapular region?

Answer 30

A: The suprascapular artery and the transverse cervical artery arise from the thyrocervical trunk.

Question 31

Q: What is the role of the transverse cervical artery?

Answer 31

A: The transverse cervical artery supplies the medial border of the scapula.

Question 32

Q: How does the subclavian artery contribute to the scapular anastomosis?

Answer 32

A: The subclavian artery gives off the thyrocervical trunk, which branches into the suprascapular artery and transverse cervical artery, contributing to the scapular anastomosis.

Question 33

Q: Which branch of the subclavian artery supplies the lateral border of the scapula?

Answer 33

A: The subscapular artery (a branch of the axillary artery, which is the continuation of the subclavian artery) supplies the lateral border of the scapula.