ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB Flashcards
(26 cards)
FEMORAL ARTERY
Femoral pulse- Inferior to Mid-point of inguinal ligament ASIS and Pubic tubercle
Femoral triangle -Very superficial in lateral compartment of femoral sheath,
Adductor canal
Ends in adductor hiatus
FEMORAL ARTERY Branches
Superficial epigastric, Pierce Femoral sheath and Cribiform fascia
Superficial circumflex iliac-Pierce Femoral sheath and Cribiform fascia
Superficial external pudendal -Pierce Femoral sheath and Cribiform fascia
Deep external pudendal
Muscular branches
Descending genicular
Deep femoral
Superficial epigastric
Superficial to inguinal ligament
Anastomosis with inferior epigastric
Superficial circumflex iliac
Inferior and parallel to inguinal ligament
Anastomosis with Deep circumflex iliac, Superior gluteal, Lateral femoral circumflex
Superficial epigastric and Superficial circumflex iliac
Supply Superficial fascia and skin of anterolateral abdominal wall, Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Superficial external pudendal
Across Spermatic cord - Round ligament
Deep external pudendal
Across Pectineus and Adductor longus
Pierces Fascia lata
Deep external pudendal and Superficial external pudendal
Supply Penis Scrotum Labia majora
Skin of the lower part of the abdomen
Perineum
Anastomoses with branches of Internal pudendal
Muscular branches
Sartorius, Adductors, Vastus medials
Descending genicular
Arises just proximal to adductor hiatus
Participates in genicular anastomosis
Supplies Skin of Upper and medial, part of the leg, Knee joint.
Deep femoral
Arises ~ 2.5 - 5 cm inferior to inguinal ligament
Behind Adductor longus
Ends at the lower third of the thigh in a small branch which pierces the adductor magnus and is distributed to hamstring muscles
Anastomosis, Muscular branches of popliteal
Main supply to femoral muscles
Lateral circumflex femoral
Cruciate and genicular anastomoses
Medial circumflex femoral
Cruciate anastomosis, Main source of blood supply of femoral head
Muscular branches
Supply Adductor muscles and hamstrings
Perforating
Supply posterior thigh muscles
1st Cruciate anastomosis
2nd Nutrient artery of femur
3rd Hamstring muscles
POPLITEAL ARTERY
Adductor hiatus Inferior border of popliteus
Popliteal pulse In the midline with the knee semiflexed
Branches: Cutaneous, Superior muscular Sural arteries Genicular
Supply: Skin of calf, Hamstring muscles, Gastrocnemius / Soleus / Plantaris, Articular capsule and ligaments, Vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, popliteus, Lateral superior and inferior, Medial superior and inferior, Middle, Participate in genicular anastomosis
Terminal branches: Anterior tibial artery, Posterior tibial artery
POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERYCalcaneal branches
Largest terminal branch of popliteal artery
Main blood supply to the foot
Inferior border of popliteus
Posterior compartment of leg, between superficial and deep muscles
Deep to flexor retinaculum with Tibial nerve, Tibialis posterior tendon, Flexor digitorum longus tendon, Flexor hallucis longus tendon
Palpation of pulse, Foot inverted Between medial malleolus and calcaneal tendon
POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY BRANCHES
Circumflex fibular
Fibular artery-Anastomosis with Arcuate artery on dorsum of foot
Supply Lateral compartment together with anterior tibial artery
Nutrient artery of tibia-Largest nutrient artery in the body
Medial malleolar branches
Calcaneal branches
Terminal branches: Medial plantar artery, Lateral plantar artery, At inferior border of flexor retinaculum
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
Inferior border of popliteus
Anterior compartment of leg, on interosseous membrane
Deep to extensor retinaculum with Deep peroneal nerve, Tibialis anterior tendon, Extensor hallucis longus tendon, Extensor digitorum longus tendon
Branches: Posterior tibial recurrent artery, Anterior tibial recurrent artery, Muscular branches, Malleolar arteries (anterior medial and lateral), Dorsalis pedis artery (at inferior extensor retinaculum)
DORSALIS PEDIS ARTERY
Lateral to Extensor hallucis longus tendon, Palpation of pulse
Junction with Lateral plantar artery, Plantar arch
Branches, Lateral tarsal, Anastomosis with arcuate, Supplies tarsal joints
Medial tarsal-Malleolar network
Arcuate-2nd - 4th dorsal metatarsal arteries
Dorsal digital arteries Joined by perforating branches (plantar arch and plantar metatarsal)
1st dorsal metatarsal
PLANTAR ARTERIES
In the plane between 1st and 2nd muscular layers
Medial-Smaller than the lateral plantar
Lateral-Largest terminal branch of posterior tibial artery, Junction with dorsalis pedis-Plantar arch
Plantar arch
In the plane between 3rd and 4th muscular layers
Branches 1st plantar metatarsal artery
Three perforating arteriesJoin 2nd – 4th dorsal metatarsal
2nd–4th plantar metatarsal arteries, Plantar digital arteries, A perforating artery each
CRUCIATE ANASTOMOSIS
Deep femoral artery): Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
1st perforating artery (ascending branch)
Inferior gluteal artery-Internal iliac artery
CRUCIATE ANASTOMOSIS
Provides a collateral route of circulation for blood to reach Popliteal artery when there is a blockage between
