Arts and culture - Khrushchev

Question 1

the thaw

Answer 1

following the secret speech there was a period of cultural liberalisation

• Dudinstevs ‘not by bread alone’ told a critical story of stlain period, the story of innovative workers battles against the bureaucracy
• Moscow 1957 world youth festival - young people danced to Jazz and african drumming

Question 2

freeze

Answer 2

between periods of thaw there were periods of thaw

• following inital thaw (1953-54), Poris Paternaks novel Dr Zhivago led to restrictions as it was cirtical of Lenins period as leader
• the book was banend in the usasr until the late 80s but won nobel prizes abroad

Question 3

propoganda and popular oversight

Answer 3

posters attmpeted to challnage non conformity through popular oversight

• ‘the lazy buereaucrat’ (1961) shows a fat man sitting at an disorganised desk
• the alcaholic (1959) depicts a drunk man lying in a pool of his own vomit

Question 4

style hunters

Answer 4

• gov resticted access to 1959 american natoinal exhbition which contained an americam bueaty salon and fashion show cleberating clothes like capri pants
• campaigns against young women ‘stilyaga’ becuase gosplan worried womens natural desrie to shop would create lasting economic issues in consumer society

Question 5

deviant artists

Answer 5

• underground ‘samizdat’ (self-publihsed) movement magazines and books
• Alexander Ginzburg who edited magazine ‘syntax’ which circulated on the black market
• despite dr zhivagos ban in 1954 foreign editions were smuggled and samizdat editions were produced

Question 6

the 70s and early 80s

Answer 6

• comedy film ‘an office romance’ (1977) ridiculed a young female secretary for her love of provocative clothes, but audienced identified more with her than her poorly dressed consevative boss
• by 1970s (at least in cities) the fashion hunters had won