ASI Terminology

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

genetic makeup of an animal

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

physical appearance of an animal

Question 3

Spermatogenesis

Answer 3

development of male sex cells

Question 4

Oogensis

Answer 4

development of female sex cells

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

simple cell division

Question 6

Meiosis

Answer 6

reduction division of sex cells - makes a cell that is 1N

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

animal whose genotype for a trait consists of like gene pairs - PP

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

genotype consists of unlike gene pairs - Pp

Question 9

Recessive gene

Answer 9

gene that is masked by dominant gene

Question 10

Heritability

Answer 10

the proportion of an observed trait that is passed on to progeny

Question 11

Selection Differential (Reach)

Answer 11

average superiority of an individual over the average of the population from which they are seeded

Question 12

Generation Interval

Answer 12

average age of the parents when the offspring is born

Question 13

Differential Reproduction

Answer 13

certain animals will produce more offspring than others

Question 14

Digestion

Answer 14

obtaining nutrients essential for the body processes from food

Question 15

Absorption

Answer 15

crossing the intestinal epithelium and sending nutrients to the blood

Question 16

prehension

Answer 16

food grasping of gathering

Question 17

mastication

Answer 17

chewing

Question 18

degulation

Answer 18

swallowing

Question 19

Afferent of sensory neurons

Answer 19

conduct excitation from receptor to CNS

Question 20

Efferent of motor neurons

Answer 20

conduct excitation from CNS to target organ

Question 21

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 21

controls voluntary muscles

Question 22

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 22

controls involuntary muscles and glands

Question 23

Association or interneuron

Answer 23

connection between afferent and efferent neurons in CNS

Question 24

Hyperplasia

Answer 24

growth in number of cells

Question 25

Hypertrophy

Answer 25

growth in size of cells

Question 26

Synapse

Answer 26

point of contact between neurons which are functionally related - is a gap between dentrite and axon

Question 27

Heterosis

Answer 27

The tendency of a crossbred individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents.

Question 28

Polyestrus

Answer 28

many recurring heat cycles

Question 29

monoestrus

Answer 29

one heat per year

Question 30

anestrus and reasons why

Answer 30

without heat: | pregnant, age, stress

Question 31

Tuballigation

Answer 31

sterilization, tying of tubes

Question 32

Dystocia

Answer 32

difficult birth

Question 33

postpartum interval

Answer 33

time from birth until rebreed

Question 34

Infundibulum

Answer 34

catches ovum, probably site of fertilization

Question 35

Oviduct

Answer 35

passage way for egg and sperm

Question 36

Uterus

Answer 36

site of implantation and attachment

Question 37

Amnioin

Answer 37

inner most layer of tissue on the Uterus

Question 38

Allantois or Alantoic cavitiy

Answer 38

Tissue of uterus, extension of fetal hind gut, disposal area for fetal waste products

Question 39

chorion

Answer 39

Tissue of uterus, contact with wall of uterus

Question 40

Free Martin

Answer 40

When twins in cattle are mix sex, the female that is born twin to a bull is usually called a Free Martin

Question 41

Cervix

Answer 41

closure for uterus

Question 42

Vagina

Answer 42

usual site of sperm deposition, common passageway for urine and reproproducts

Question 43

Vulva

Answer 43

external genitalia of female

Question 44

Cryptorchid

Answer 44

A male mammal with one or two testicles that fail to fall into the scrotum

Question 45

Bull

Answer 45

intact male cattle

Question 46

Steer

Answer 46

castrated male cattle

Question 47

Ram

Answer 47

intact male sheep

Question 48

Wether

Answer 48

castrated male sheep or goat

Question 49

Buck

Answer 49

intact male goat

Question 50

Boar

Answer 50

intact male hog

Question 51

Barrow

Answer 51

castrated male hog

Question 52

Stallion

Answer 52

intact male horse

Question 53

Gelding

Answer 53

castrated male horse

Question 54

Cock

Answer 54

intact male chicken

Question 55

Capon

Answer 55

castrated male chicken

Question 56

Stag

Answer 56

when testis are removed late in an animal's life

Question 57

Zygote

Answer 57

union of genetic material

Question 58

embryo

Answer 58

when young takes form

Question 59

parturition

Answer 59

act og giving birth

Question 60

colostrum

Answer 60

mother's first milk high in antibodies

Question 61

zoonotic

Answer 61

disease that is transmitted from animal to humans

Question 62

enucleation

Answer 62

removal of genetic material

Question 63

nuclear transfer

Answer 63

the transfer of a donor nucleus

Question 64

morbidity

Answer 64

how many get sick

Question 65

mortality

Answer 65

how many die

Question 66

Antibody

Answer 66

any of various proteins in the blood generated in reaction to foreign antigens - they produce immunity to certain micro-organisms

Question 67

Antigen

Answer 67

anything that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 68

Antibiotic

Answer 68

any substance that inhibit growth or destroy micro-organisms

Question 69

active immunity

Answer 69

animal builds an antibody in response to an antigen, takes time, can cause mild reaction

Question 70

passive immunity

Answer 70

animal ingests antibodies - colostrum, injection, fast