ASSESSMENT OF RENAL AND URINARY TRACT

Question 1

Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Answer 1

Urinalysis
Creatinine Clearance Rate
Radioisotope Scanning
Urine Culture
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
X-ray
Computed Tomography
Intravenous Pyelogram
Voiding Cystourethrogram
Cystoscopy
Renal Biopsy

Question 2

One of the most revealing tests of kidney function and one of the simplest

Answer 2

Urinalysis

Question 3

Measures glomerular filtration rate determined by a 24-hour urine sample

Answer 3

Creatinine Clearance Rate

Question 4

administration of radioisotopes (a technetium scan) to assess glomeruli filtration ability

Answer 4

Radioisotope Scanning

Question 5

Diagnose the presence of bacteria in urine

Answer 5

Urine Culture

Question 6

measures the level of urea in blood and is used to assess glomerular function, or how
well the kidneys can clear this from the bloodstream

Answer 6

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)

Question 7

can detect differing sizes of kidneys or ureters and can differentiate between solid or cystic
kidney masses

Answer 7

Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Question 8

can provide information about the size and contour of the kidneys

Answer 8

X-ray

Question 9

are used to show the size and density of kidney structures and adequacy of urine flow

Answer 9

Computed Tomography

Question 10

• x-ray study of the upper urinary tract
• a radiopaque dye is injected into a peripheral vein, circulates through the bloodstream, and is
almost immediately identified as a foreign substance by the kidney and filtered out into the
urine by the glomeruli. X-ray films taken at frequent intervals show the outline of collecting
systems in the kidney and of the ureters as the radiopaque dye passes through them

Answer 10

Intravenous Pyelogram

Question 11

• a study of the lower urinary tract, reveals the structure of the urethra and bladder and
the presence of reflux into the ureters
• After bladder catheterization, a radiopaque dye is injected into the bladder, and the
catheter is then removed. The child is asked to void into a bedpan while serial x-ray films
are taken

Answer 11

Voiding Cystourethrogram

Question 12

examination of the bladder and ureter openings by direct examination with a cystoscope
introduced through the urethra, done to evaluate for possible vesicoureteral reflux or
urethral stenosis

Answer 12

Cystoscopy

Question 13

involves passing a thin biopsy needle into the kidney through the skin over the kidney.
• The procedure is used to diagnose the extent of renal disease

Answer 13

Renal Biopsy