STRUCTURAL ABNORMALITIES OF THE URINARY TRACT

Question 1

• Fistula between the bladder and the umbilicus
• Assessment:
• Clear fluid draining from the base of the umbilical cord
• Acid content in Nitrazine paper
• Management:
• Surgical Correction

Answer 1

PATENT URACHUS

Question 2

• Midline closure defect that occurs during the embryonic period of
gestation
• The bladder lies open and exposed on the abdomen
• Assessment:
• Bladder is bright red and continually drain urine from the open surface
• Males: penis is unformed; Females: urethra abnormally formed
• Non-closure of the pubic arch
• Skin around bladder becomes excoriated
• Treatment:
• Surgical closure of the bladder and anterior abdominal wall
• Cover the bladder with sterile plastic bowel bag

Answer 2

EXSTROPHY OF THE BLADDER

Question 3

A urethral defect in which the urethral opening is not at the end of the penis
but on the ventral (lower) aspect of the penis

Answer 3

Hypospadia

Question 4

A urethral defect in which the urethral opening is not at the end of the penis
but on the dorsal aspect of the penis

Answer 4

Epispadia