Associations Flashcards by John Faustine Gutierrez

Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Acanthocyte

Abetalipoproteinemia

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Acanthosis nigricans

Visceral malignancy; also seen in DM

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease

APKD1; flank pain, hematuria, HTN, UTI, renal failure; polycystic liver disease, berry aneurysms, MVP

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Albuminocytologic dissociation

Guillain-Barre syndrome

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

ALL

TdT+; children

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

AML

Auer rods; adults

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

AML with DIC

M3; t(15;17); tx with Retinoic acid

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

AML with gingival hyperplasia

M5 (

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Alzheimer’s disease

Aβ (A4) amyloid fibrils,

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Amastigotes

Leishmaniasis (Tx: sodium stibogluconate)

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Amyloidosis, primary

AL protein

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Anchovy paste aspirate

Amebic liver abscess

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Angiosarcoma of the liver

Polyvinyl chloride

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Ankylosing spondylisis

HLA-B27, Marie-Strumpell disease, bamboo spine

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Anthracosis

Coal-worker pneuomoconiosis

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Anticentromere antibody

CREST syndrome

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Antidesmosome IgG

Pemphigus vulgaris (deadly)

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Antihemidesmosome IgG

Bullous pemphigoid (spares oral mucosa)

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Aortic Regurgitation

Water-hammer pulse, Corrigan’s pulse; Quincke’s sign; DeMusset’s sign; Duroziez’s sign; Traube’s sign; Austin-Flint murmur; Hill’s sign; Muller sign, Bisferiens pulse

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Aortic stenosis

Gallavardin’s phenomenon, soft S2, S4, forceful apex

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

“Apple core” on abdominal Xray

Colorectal CA

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Ash-leaf spot

Tuberous sclerosis

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Atypical pneumonia

Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Legionella, viral

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Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions

Auer rods

AML M3 (Acute promyelocytic leukemia)

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# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Basal Cell CA

Palisading nuclei, pearly papules, “rodent ulcer”

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Bird-beak” X-ray

Achalasia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Bite cell

G6PD Deficiency

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Black liver

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Blueberry Muffin” rash

Congenital rubella

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Bread and butter” pericardium

RHD pericarditis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Bubble-bearing” cells

Chordoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Burr cell

TTP, HUS

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Butterfly glioma”

Glioblastoma multiforme

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Carcinoid syndrome

Urinary 5-HIAA; wheezing, R-sided murmurs, diarrhea, flushing

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Cauda equina syndrome

Distended bladder, flaccid rectal sphincter, perineal saddle anesthesia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Celiac disease

Antigliadin antibodies, B12 deficiency, dermatitis herpetiformis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Cinchonism

Headache, tinnitus, thrombocytopenia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Crescent sign” on X-ray

Avascular necrosis of femoral head

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Cysticercosis

Taenia solium

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Dermatomyositis

Heliotrope rash, “shawl and face” rash, risk of malignancy, CK, aldolase, (+) ANA, (+) anti-Jo-1

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions DES exposure

Clear cell vaginal CA (in daughters)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Desmoid tumor

Fascial soft tissue neoplasm, probably fibrosarcoma, tx wide excision with 2-4cm margin

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Diabetes Mellitus

width of GBM, Kimmelstein-Wilson lesions, necrobiosis lipoidica (shins), Armanni-Ebstein lesion

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Down syndrome

ALL, AML; endocardial cushion defects

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Endometriosis

Mulberry nodules, chocolate cysts, gunpowder-mark lesions

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Erlenmeyer flask” bones

Osteopetrosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Erythema migrans (with target lesions)

Lyme disease

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Favism

In G6PD deficiency, hemolysis post-fava bean ingestion

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Fish mouth vertebra

Sickle cell anemia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Flea-bitten kidney

Malignant hypertension

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Fried egg” appearance

Oligodendroglioma, Multiple myeloma, Seminoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Gastric CA

AdenoCA, Krukenberg tumors, Virchow’s node, linitis plastic, type A blood, liver mets, signet ring, acanthosis nigricans

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

[arise from] Interstitial cell of Cajal

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Glucagonoma

Necrolytic migratory erythema

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Ground glass” hepatocytes

Hepatitis B

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Ground glass” CXR

Pneumocystis pneumonia or ARDS

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Hairy Cell Leukemia

TRAP (Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase); splenomegaly (80%)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Hobnail” liver

Alcoholic cirrhosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Honeycomb lung

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Heart failure, left-sided

Heart failure cells (intraalveolar hemosiderin-laden macrophages); brown induration

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Heart failure, right-sided

Nutmeg liver

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Helmet cell

Thalassemia, Anemia of chronic disease, Iron deficiency, Lead poisoning (TAIL)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Hereditary hemochromatosis

Cirrhosis, DM, increased skin pigmentation

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Hereditary spherocytosis

Spectrin, ankyrin, band 3, protein 4.2 deficiency

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Hypersegmented neutrophils

Vitamin B12/Folate deficiency

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Ice cream cone” hip

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Infective Endocarditis

Roth spots, splinter hemorrhages, Osler’s (painful, pads of fingers)), Janeway (painless, palms and soles)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Iris/target lesions [derma]

Erythema multiforme minor

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Leather bottle stomach

Linitis plastica, diffusely infiltrative gastric CA

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Malignant hypertension

Flea-bitten kidney, “onion-skin”

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Malignant malaria

P. falciparum

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Malignant mesothelioma

Asbestosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Maltese cross” inclusions

Babesiosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions McCune-Albright syndrome

“Coast of Maine” lesions, short stature, precocious puberty

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Meconium ileus

Cystic fibrosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Metastatic calcification

Hyperphosphatemia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Mixed Connective Tissue Disease

Anti-nRNP/Anti-U1RNP; Raynaud’s arthralgia, esophageal hypomotility

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Muddy brown” casts

Acute tubular necrosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Multiple Myeloma

Punched-out lesions, Bence-Jones protein, rouleaux formation, “fried-egg” plasma cells

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Multiple sclerosis

Demyelination scattered about CNS white matter; internuclear ophthalmoplegia (MLF syndrome)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Nesidioblastosis

Neonatal hypersecretion of insulin; requires 95% pancreatectomy

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Neuroblastoma

Homer-Wright pseudorosettes, opsoclonus (dancing eyes), most common solid tumor in children, n-myc

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Sarcoidosis

Noncaseating granuloma; Schaumann bodies; asteroid bodies; type IV reaction; Lupus pernio (violaceous, nose and ears)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Scleroderma

Anti-Scl-70 (in diffuse scleroderma)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Soap bubble appearance

Giant cell tumor

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Somatostatinoma

Diabetes, steatorrhea, gallstones

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Oat Cell Carcinoma

Cushing’s syndrome

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Onion skin” pattern on X-ray

Ewing sarcoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Onion skin” bile duct

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Osteoarthritis

Eburnation, Heberden’s (DIP), Bouchard’s (PIP)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Osteosarcoma

Codman triangle, sunburst pattern

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions P-ANCA

Idiopathic crescentic GN, Churg-Strauss, Microscopic polyangitis, polyarteritis nodosa

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pastia’s lines

Scarlet fever

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pearly translucent papule with telangiectasia

Basal Cell CA

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Pencil and cup” deformity

Psoriatic arhtritis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Penis at 12”

5α-reductase deficiency

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pheochromocytoma

Urine metanephrine (most specific) or VMA; secretes NE extra-adrenally; Epi adrenally

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pilocytic astrocytoma

Rosenthal fibers; common in children

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pleural adenosine deaminase (increased)

PTB

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Polymyositis

CD8 T-cell induced muscle injury; progressive symmetric proximal weakness; anti-Jo-1

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pseudopalisade

Gliobastoma multiforme

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pulmonary embolism

Hampton’s hump, Westermark’s sign; triad: hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pulmonic Regurgitation

Graham Steell murmur

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Pulseless disease

Takayasu’s arteritis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Renal Cell CA

Hematuria, flank pain, flank mass

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Rheumatic Heart Disease

Aschoff bodies (classic), Anitschkow’s cells (pathognomonic), MacCallum plaque, Sydenham’s chorea

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Rickets

Rachitic rosary (also in scurvy), Harrison groove, pigeon breast, short stature, craniotabes, late fontanelle closure

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Rodent ulcer”

Basal cell CA

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions S-100 tumor marker

Malignant Melanoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Sago spleen

Secondary amyloidosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Seborrheic keratosis

“Pasted on” lesions; horn cysts, older persons

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Sickle-cell anemia

“Crew cut” x-ray, missense mutation (GluVal), Salmonella osteomyelitis, malaria-resistant

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Signet-ring cells

Krukenberg tumor, Gastric CA

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Silicosis

Birefringent silica particles

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Sjogren’s syndrome

Anti-SS-A (Ro), Anti-SS-B (La)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions SLE

ANA (sensitive but not specific, anti-dsDNA (specific and prognostic), anti-Sm (specific but not prognostic)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Small cell carcinoma

SIADH

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Smudge cells

CLL

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Snowman” heart

TAPVR

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Soap bubble” lesion in brain

Cryptococcus meningitis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Spike and dome” appearance

Membranous GN

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Square root sign” [equalization of pressures]

Chronic constrictive pericarditis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Starry-sky appearance

Burkitt’s lymphoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Stepladder appearance

SBO

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Strawberry cervix

Trichomoniasis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Strawberry gallbladder

Cholesterolosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Strawberry tongue

Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “String” sign in terminal ileum

Crohn Disease

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Struvite (Mg Ammonium Phosphate) stones

Urease-positive bugs (Proteus, Klebsiella, Staph, Providencia, Pseudomonas); staghorn calculus

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Sunburst” pattern

Osteosarcoma

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Swiss Cheese” brain

Cysticercosis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Systemic Sclerosis

Anti-Scl-70

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Target cell

HbC disease, Asplenia, Liver disease, Thalassemia (HALT)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Target lesions

Erythema multiforme, Lyme disease

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Teardrop-shaped erythrocytes

Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis / Myeloid metaplasia

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Thumb sign

Epiglottitis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Thyroid tissue in ovary

Struma ovarii

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Thyroidization of kidney

Pyelonephritis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Trachoma

Chlamydia trachomatis (A-C)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Tram-track appearance

Membranoproliferative GN

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Transitional cell CA

β-naphthalene exposure

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Tree-bark aorta

Syphilitic aortitis

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Trichomonas vaginalis

Tumbling motility, strawberry cervix

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions TTP pentad

Fever, purpura, hemolytic anemia, hematuria, neurologic changes

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Tuberous sclerosis

Ash-leaf spot, Shagreen’s area, Koenen’s tumor

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Watermelon stomach

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (Tx: antrectomy)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Wegener’s granulomatosis

C-ANCA

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions White cell casts

Pyelonephritis (pathognomonic)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Wire-loop abnormality

Type IV Lupus nephropathy (diffuse proliferative)

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions Yolk sac tumor

Schiller-Duval bodies

# Associations: Diseases/Pathologies/Keywords/Definitions “Zebra stripes” neural tumor

Schwannoma