Most Commons Flashcards
1
Q
Most Common Abused opioid by medical professionals
A
Meperidine and fentanyl
2
Q
Most Common Accidental suffocation
A
Overlying
3
Q
Most Common Adolescent hip disorder
A
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
4
Q
Most Common Adrenal tumor in adults
A
Pheochromocytoma
5
Q
Most Common Adrenal tumor in children
A
Neuroblastoma
6
Q
Most Common Adverse effect of ASA
A
Gastric upset
7
Q
Most Common Adverse effect of diuretics
A
Hypokalemia (except K-sparing diuretics)
8
Q
Most Common Affected segment in radiation enteritis
A
Terminal ileum
9
Q
Most Common Affected type of collagen in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
A
Type III
10
Q
Most Common Age group with endometriosis
A
3rd and 4th decade
11
Q
Most Common Aneurysm site, cerebral
A
Anterior communicating artery (PComm is 2nd)
12
Q
Most Common Ankle injury
A
Inversion
13
Q
Most Common Anomaly of splenic embryology
A
Accessory spleen
14
Q
Most Common Ascending aorta aneurysm complication
A
Aortic insufficiency
15
Q
Most Common ASD
A
Ostium secundum (80%)
16
Q
Most Common Benign tumor of the lung
A
Hamartoma
17
Q
Most Common Benign tumor of the rib
A
Osteochondroma
18
Q
Most Common Biliary-enteric fistula
A
Gallbladder-duodenum
19
Q
Most Common Bone tumor of the hand
A
Endochondroma
20
Q
Most Common Carcinoid tumor (GI)
A
Appendix (2nd: Ileum)
21
Q
Most Common Cardiac tumor
A
Metastasis
22
Q
Most Common Cardiomyopathy
A
Dilated cardiomyopathy (systolic dysfunction)
23
Q
Most Common Cause of acute cholecystitis
A
Cystic duct obstruction
24
Q
Most Common Cause of acute mastitis
A
Staph aureus
25
Most Common Cause of ARF
ATN (death most common in initial oliguric phase)
26
Most Common Cause of ARF in children
HUS
27
Most Common Cause of ARF in surgical patients
Hypovolemia
28
Most Common Cause of aneuploidy
Meiotic nondisjunction
29
Most Common Cause of anuria on 1st day of life [male]
Posterior urethral valves
30
Most Common Cause of athlete’s foot
Trichophyton (Tinea pedis)
31
Most Common Cause of bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
32
Most Common Cause of bowel incarceration
Femoral hernia
33
Most Common Cause of bowel obstruction in neonates
Hirschsprung disease
34
Most Common Cause of burns in civilian setting
Scalds
35
Most Common Cause of CAH
21-hydroxylase deficiency (90%)
36
Most Common Cause of chronic constrictive pericarditis
Viral infection
37
Most Common Cause of congenital chronic hemolytic anemia
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
38
Most Common Cause of CPC of the liver
R-sided heart failure
39
Most Common Cause of CPC of the lung
L-sided heart failure / Mitral stenosis
40
Most Common Cause of Cushing’s syndrome
Iatrogenic (steroid treatments)
41
Most Common Cause of epistaxis
Nosepicking
42
Most Common Cause of erythema multiforme
Infectious (HSV, then Mycoplasma pneumoniae)
43
Most Common Cause of esophageal rupture
Iatrogenic (post-endoscopy)
44
Most Common Cause of [hereditary] mental retardation
Down syndrome
45
Most Common Cause of hereditary thrombophilia
Factor V Leiden (resistant to activated protein C); second most common is Prothrombin 20210A tranistion
46
Most Common Cause of hyperprolactinemia
Prolactinoma
47
Most Common Cause of hypertension in young men
Excessive ethanol
48
Most Common Cause of hypertension in young women
OCP use
49
Most Common Cause of hypoparathyroidism
Surgical
50
Most Common Cause of infectious mastitis
Staph aureus
51
Most Common Cause of infertility, female
Endometriosis
52
Most Common Cause of lower GI bleed in pts >40
Diverticulosis
53
Most Common Cause of mycotic aneurysm
Treponema pallidum
54
Most Common Cause of non-gonococcal urethritis
Chlamydia trachomatis
55
Most Common Cause of osteomyelitis
Staphylococcus (in HbS patients, Salmonella, in IV drug users, Pseudomonas)
56
Most Common Cause of otitis externa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
57
Most Common Cause of otitis media
Strep pneumo, then H. influenzae, Moraxella sp.
58
Most Common Cause of nephrotic syndrome (adults)
Membranous GN
59
Most Common Cause of nephrotic syndrome (children)
Minimal change disease
60
Most Common Cause of preventable blindness worldwide
Chlamydia trachomatis (trachoma)
61
Most Common Cause of persistent jaundice in infancy
Biliary atresia
62
Most Common Cause of poor wound healing
Tissue hypoxia
63
Most Common Cause of primary amenorrhea
Turner syndrome
64
Most Common Cause of prostatitis in young adult males
Chlamydia trachomatis
65
Most Common Cause of pneumaturia
Bladder-GI fistula; usually in diverticulitis
66
Most Common Cause of postpartum hemorrhage
Uterine atony
67
Most Common Cause of pulmonary hypoplasia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (more commonly L)
68
Most Common Cause of pyogenic osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients
Salmonella
69
Most Common Cause of retrograde menstruation (anomaly)
Imperforate hymen
70
Most Common Cause of SAH
Trauma (1st Aid CK) / Berry aneurysm
71
Most Common Cause of secondary amenorrhea
Pregnancy
72
Most Common Cause of septic arthritis in children <2 yrs
H. influenza
73
Most Common Cause of skin graft loss
Hematoma/seroma formation
74
Most Common Cause of testicular pain over 12 years old
Testicular torsion
75
Most Common Cause of testicular pain 2-11 yrs
Torsion of appendix testes
76
Most Common Cause of vulvar pruritus
Candidal vulvovaginitis
77
Most Common Cerebral hemorrhage [syndrome]
Putaminal hemorrhage
78
Most Common Cervical disc herniation level
C6-C7 (wrist drop)
79
Most Common Childhood supratentorial tumor
Craniopharyngioma
80
Most Common Chromosomal disorder
Down syndrome
81
Most Common Clonality marker
HUMARA
82
Most Common Colon CA
AdenoCA
83
Most Common Colon polyp
Benign hyperplastic hamartoma (90%)
84
Most Common Compound fracture site
Tibia (middle-lower junction)
85
Most Common Congenital GI tract anomaly
Meckel’s diverticulum
86
Most Common Congenital pancytopenia
Fanconi anemia
87
Most Common Cystic lesion of mediastinum
Bronchogenic cyst
88
Most Common Diaphragmatic hernia
Sliding hiatal hernia
89
Most Common Direction of nucleus pulposus herniation
Posterolateral
90
Most Common Direction of testicular torsion
Medial
91
Most Common Dislocated wrist bone
Lunate
92
Most Common Disorder of sexual differentiation in boys
Undescended testes
93
Most Common Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Type IV
94
Most Common Endometrial CA
Pure endometrial CA
95
Most Common Esophageal atresia (type)
Type C (EA with distal TEF), then A, then E
96
Most Common Fractured wrist bone
Scaphoid
97
Most Common Gallbladder anomaly
Folded fundus
98
Most Common Gallstone
Pigment (worldwide)
99
Most Common Glucocorticoid in cancer therapy
Prednisone
100
Most Common Glycosaminoglycan in vitreous
Hyaluronic acid
101
Most Common Gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial CA
102
Most Common Hemolytic transfusion reaction sign
Oliguria and hemoglobinuria
103
Most Common Hereditary bleeding disorder
Von Willebrand disease
104
Most Common Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Nodular sclerosing
105
Most Common Iatrogenically injured nerve
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
106
Most Common ICA nonatherosclerotic disease
Fibromuscular dysplasia
107
Most Common Infection following renal transplant
CMV (viral infection)
108
Most Common Inguinal hernia
Indirect (2:1)
109
Most Common Inherited B-cell defect
Isolated IgA deficiency
110
Most Common Inherited hemolytic anemia
Hereditary spherocytosis (1st Aid CK)
111
Most Common Inherited risk factor for peripheral vasc disease
Elevated lipoprotein A
112
Most Common Injured major joint in the body
Ankle
113
Most Common Injured nerve in lower limb
Common fibular (foot-drop)
114
Most Common Intrinsic platelet defect
Storage pool disease
115
Most Common Involved lobe in amebic liver abscess
R lobe
116
Most Common Liver pathogens
E. coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus
117
Most Common Lysosomal storage disease
Gaucher’s disease
118
Most Common Malignancy associated with erythroderma
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
119
Most Common Malignancy associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
120
Most Common Malignancy in atomic blast survivors
AML and CML
121
Most Common Malignancy in children
ALL
122
Most Common Malignancy in chronic immunosuppression
Squamous cell CA (then PTLD)
123
Most Common Malignancy in radiologists
AML and skin CA
124
Most Common Malignancy of the palate
SCCA and minor salivary gland tumors
125
Most Common Malignant melanoma
Superfical spreading melanoma
126
Most Common Metastasis of Lung CA
Adrenals
127
Most Common Mineral deficiency in TPN
Zinc
128
Most Common Neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum in adults
Thymoma
129
Most Common Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Follicular (small cleaved cell); t (14;18; bcl-2)
130
Most Common Omental tumor
Metastatic CA
131
Most Common Ovarian CA
Germinal epithelium
132
Most Common Ovarian malignancy dx during pregnancy
Dysgerminoma (analogous to seminoma)
133
Most Common Pancreatic endocrine neoplasm
Insulinoma
134
Most Common PAOD etiology
Atherosclerosis (at femoral a. near adductor hiatus)
135
Most Common Pathologic parasitic infection in humans
Giardiasis
136
Most Common Pituitary tumor
Prolactinoma
137
Most Common Post-splenectomy sepsis organisms
S. pneumo, H. influenza, N. meningitides
138
Most Common Precursor of choriocarcinoma
Hydatidiform mole
139
Most Common Presenting symptom of KUB cancers
Hematuria
140
Most Common Primary bone malignancy
Multiple myeloma (1st Aid); 2nd: osteosarcoma
141
Most Common Primary bone tumor in the elderly
Multiple myeloma
142
Most Common Primary cardiac neoplasm
Myxoma
143
Most Common Primary esophageal motility disorder
Nutcracker esophagus
144
Most Common Primary lymphedema
Lymphedema praecox
145
Most Common Pulmonary embolus origin
Above the knee (80%)
146
Most Common Renal Cell CA
Clear Cell
147
Most Common Renal malignancy of childhood
Wilms tumor
148
Most Common Renal stone
Calcium
149
Most Common Renal transplant complication [donors]
Wound infection
150
Most Common Route of metastasis, papillary thyroid CA
Lymphatic
151
Most Common Route of metastasis, soft tissue sarcoma
Hematogenous
152
Most Common Sarcoma of small intestine in adults
Leiomyosarcoma
153
Most Common Shoulder dislocation
Anterior? (Parang posterior)
154
Most Common Side of groin hernia
Right
155
Most Common Side of varicocoele
Left (due to compression from sigmoid)
156
Most Common Site of cervical CA
Transformation zone (spreads to obturator nodes)
157
Site of colon CA
Rectosigmoid junction (2nd: cecum)
158
Most Common Sites of copper deposition in Wilson’s Disease
Descemet’s membrane, Basal ganglia (esp. putamen)
159
Most Common Site of diverticulosis
Sigmoid colon
160
Most Common Site of ectopic pregnancy
Ampulla
161
Most Common Site of endometriosis
Ovary (80%)
162
Most Common Site of Familial adenomatous polyposis
Rectosigmoid colon
163
Most Common Site of foreign body aspiration
Right main bronchus (except when lying on the L)
164
Most Common Site of esophageal malignancy
Lower 3rd (mets to celiac nodes)
165
Most Common Site of gastric ulcers
Lesser curvature, body, above incisura angularis, where parietal cells G cells
166
Most Common Site of duodenal ulcers
Anterior wall of duodenal cap (Posterior, according to Moore…argh!)
167
Most Common Site of duodenal ulcer perforation
Anterior wall
168
Most Common Site of gastrinoma
Passaro’s triangle
169
Most Common Site of ischemic colitis
Left colon (esp. splenic flexure)
170
Most Common Site of Kaposi’s sarcoma in head and neck
Palate
171
Most Common Site of lower limb vascular occlusion
Femoral artery at level of profunda femoris
172
Most Common Site of multiple myeloma lesion
Vertebrae
173
Most Common Site of nosebleed
Kiesselbach plexus
174
Most Common Site of soft tissue sarcoma
Extremities
175
Most Common Site of volvulus
Sigmoid colon
176
Most Common Site of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Pancreas
177
Most Common Small intestine malignancy
Adenocarcinoma
178
Most Common Small intestine malignancy in children
Lymphoma
179
Most Common Small intestine tumor
Adenoma
180
Most Common Soft tissue sarcoma of childhood
Rhabdomyosarcoma
181
Most Common Soft tissue sarcoma of adults (excluding Kaposi)
Malignant fibrous (2nd: liposarcoma)
182
Most Common Solid tumor in children
Neuroblastoma
183
Most Common Source of brain metastasis
Lung, breast, melanoma, kidney, GI
184
Most Common Spinal muscle atrophy
Werdnig-Hoffman disease (Infantile motor neuron disease)
185
Most Common Splenectomy complication
Atelectasis of L lower lung
186
Most Common Surgery for sleep apnea
Uvulopalatoplasty (repair of soft palate collapse)
187
Most Common Testicular CA in >60 years?
Lymphoma
188
Most Common Testicular germ cell neoplasm
Seminoma (commonly on the R)
189
Most Common Testicular CA in infants and children <3
Yolk sac CA
190
Most Common Tibial fracture site
Junction of middle and lower segment
191
Most Common Tumor in females
Leiomyoma
192
Most Common Tumor in infants
Hemangioma
193
Most Common Tumor of urinary collecting system
Transitional cell CA (associated with phenacetin abuse)
194
Most Common Urinary diversion post-cystectomy
Ileal conduit (incontinent)
195
Most Common Urine leakage injury
Type III (from straddle injury)
196
Most Common Valvular lesion
MVP
197
Most Common Valvular lesion in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Aortic insufficiency
198
Most Common Vasculitis (children)
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
199
Most Common Vasculitis (general)
Temporal (giant cell) arteritis
200
Most Common Viral cause of mental retardation
CMV
201
Most Common Visceral artery aneurysm
Splenic artery aneurysm
202
Most Common VSD
Membranous (according to Kaplan-Pedia; Robbins)
