AST Final 2

Question 1

Constellations

Answer 1

88 defined regions of the sky

Question 2

why did ancients reject heliocentrism

Answer 2

because they didn’t observe parallax

Question 3

Kepler figured out what?

Answer 3

that epicycles were ellipses, not circles

Question 3

Ptolemy’s explanation for retrograde motion

Answer 3

epicycles

Question 4

Galileo

Answer 4

FIrst to use telescope for astronomy (but not the one who invented the telescope)

Question 4

Copernicus’s explanation

Answer 4

circular heliocentric orbits (similar accuracy as Ptolemy, but much similar)

Question 5

Galileos Obsevations

Answer 5

Jupiter’s Galilean moons
Venus’s phases
Lunar craters
Saturn’s “ears/handles” (rings)

Question 6

Mass =

Answer 6

same everywhere, weight depends on gravity

Question 7

Escape Velocity =

Answer 7

speed needed to escape gravitational pull

Question 8

Shorter wavelength =

Answer 8

higher frequency/energy

Question 9

doppler effect:

Answer 9

moving away = redshifted

Question 10

Emission Line Spectrum

Answer 10

when a narrow beam of the emitted light was shined through a prism, it was separated into four specific colors of the visible spectrum.
(Black background, colored lines)

Question 11

Absorption Line Spectrum

Answer 11

A cloud of gas between us and a light bulb can absorb light of specific wavelengths, leaving dark absorption lines in the spectrum.
(colored background, black lines)

Question 12

Continuous spectrum

Answer 12

the uninterrupted broad band of all colors (wavelengths)
(colored background no lines)

Question 13

Refracting Telescopes

Answer 13

lens, top-heavy, longer

Question 14

Reflecting Telecopes

Answer 14

mirror, bottom heavy, easier to make large

Question 15

Larger telescopes and shorter wavelengths =

Answer 15

better resolution

Question 16

precession

Answer 16

earth’s axis wobbles, doesn’t always point at Polaris

Question 17

Where did gas planets form?

Answer 17

far from the sun where it was cooler

Question 18

meteors

Answer 18

A bright streak of light that results when a meteoroid burns up in Earth’s atmosphere

Question 19

Meteorite

Answer 19

A meteoroid that has hit earth’s surface.