Asthma Management in Adults Flashcards Preview

04. Year 1: Respiratory System > Asthma Management in Adults > Flashcards

Flashcards in Asthma Management in Adults Deck (36)
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1
Q

Why is asthma therapy important?

A

It is common

Manageable

Dangerous

Expensive

2
Q

What is wrong with the asthmatic airway?

A

Wall inflamed and thickens

Tightened smooth muscle

3
Q

What are some of the symptoms of asthma?

A

Shortness of breath

Wheeze

Cough

Chest tightness

Diurnal variability

Episodic

Atopy

4
Q

What does diurnal mean?

A

During the day

5
Q

What are some of the signs of asthma?

A

Wheeze on auscultation

Eczema

Obstructed spirometry

PEF changes

Response to treatment

6
Q

What is the complete control of asthma defined as?

A

No datime symptoms

No time-time awakening due to asthma

No need for rescue medication

No asthma attacks

No limitations on activity including exercise and normal lung function

Minimal side effects from medication

7
Q

What does non-pharmacological management of asthma include?

A

Patient education and self-management plans

Exercise

Smoking cessation

Weight management

Flu/pneumococcal vaccinations

8
Q

What does the pharmacological management of asthma include?

A

Inhaled therapy

Oral therapy

Specialist treatment

9
Q

What kind of dosage to inhalers deliver?

A

Small dose

10
Q

Where do inhalers deliver the drug to?

A

Directly to the target organ (airways and lungs)

11
Q

What are advantages of inhalers?

A

Directly deliver to target organs

Onset of effect is faster

Minimal systemic exposure

Systemic adverse effects less severe and less frequent

12
Q

What are some different kinds of inhalers?

A

pMDI (metered dose inhalers)

pMDI with spacers

Dry powder inhalers (DPI)

Short acting B2 agonist (SABA) relievers

13
Q

What does SABA stand for?

A

Short acting B2 agonist

14
Q

What does DPI stand for?

A

Dry powder inhalers

15
Q

What does pMDI stand for?

A

Metered dose inhalers

16
Q

What drugs are used in short acting B2 agonists?

A

Salbutamol

Terbutaline

17
Q

What kinds of inhalers is salbutamol used in?

A

MDI (metered dose inhalers)

DPI (dry powder inhalers)

18
Q

What kind of inhalers is terbutaline used in?

A

Dry powder inhalers

19
Q

What kind of inhaler is this?

A

pMDI

20
Q

What kind of inhaler is this?

A

pMDI with spacer

21
Q

What kind of inhaler is this?

A

Dry powder inhaler

22
Q

What are examples of oral therapy?

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

Theophylline

Prednisolone

23
Q

What are examples of specialist options?

A

Omalozumab (anti IgE)

Mepolizumad (anti interleukin-5)

Bronchial thermoplasty

24
Q

Why is omalizumab useful?

A

Anti IgE

25
Q

Why is mepolizumad useful?

A

Anti interleukin-5

26
Q

What drug is anti IgE?

A

Omalizumab

27
Q

What drug is anti interleukin-5?

A

Mepolizumad

28
Q

What can be said about an acute asthma attack?

A

Patient specific

Known trigger

Avoid delays

Follow guidelines

29
Q

What are the different acute asthma severities?

A

Moderate

Severe

Life-threatening

Near-fatal

30
Q

When should a patient be hospitalised after an acute asthma attack?

A

If it is moderate/severe

31
Q

What is the treatment for a mild/moderate acute asthma attack?

A

Increase inhaler use

Oral steroid

Treat trigger

Early follow up

Backup plan

32
Q

What is the treatment for moderate/severe acute asthma attack?

A

Nebulisers

Oral/IV steroid

Magnesium

Aminophylline

Triggers (infection/allergen)

Complications (chest X-ray)

Review

Level 2/3 care

33
Q

What are examples of nebulisers?

A

Salbutamol

Ipratropium

34
Q

What are nebulisers?

A

Convert solutions of a drug into a fine spray

35
Q

What are contrasts between asthma and COPD?

A

Age of onset

Smoking history

Response to treatment

Treatment goals

Trajectory

36
Q

What is similar between asthma and COPD?

A

Therapies and non-pharmacological treatment