Atheroscerosis CC Flashcards
what is heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
increased levels of LDL
Heterozygous so less severe that homozygous
Signs of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Xanthelasma (Lumps around the eyelids)
Arcus of iris
Tendon xanthoma (irregular yellow patch or nodule on the skin, caused by deposition of lipids)
What is the risk of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
iNCREASED RISK OF PREMATUEE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
increased depositon of cholesterol in arterial walls–>atherosclerosis
How can atheroscleroses leading to ischaemic heart disease
Atherosclerotic plaque can rupture–>thrombus formation that can block the blood flow to the heart leading to ischaemia
what is transient ischaemic attack
like a stroke but only lasts for a few mins
what is a cerebrovascular accident?
A stroke -when blood flow to a part of your brain is stopped either by a blockage or the rupture of a blood vessel.
whats the differenc ebetween ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke?
Ischaemic- Blockage of artery–> decreased blood flow so ischaemia follows
Haemorrhagic- Artery leading to brain bursts or ruptures–> haemorrhage
What three things can bowel ischaemia lead to?
Ischaemic colitis (Inflammation due to ischaeia)
Malabsorption
Intestinal infarction
where is the most common site for bowel ischaemia?
Splenic flecture
What is peripheral vascular disease
when atherosclerosis affects the blood supply to one of the legs
Name three types of peripheral vascular disease
Intermittent claudication- Calf muscle pain on exercise- resolves with rest
Leriche syndrome- Pain in buttocks linked to impotence
Ischaemic rest pain- pain with rest (Worsening problem)
How do atheroscleroses lead to abdo aortic aneursym?
Weaken the vessel wall –> Enlargement
2 complications of aortic aneursym
pressing on structures
bursting
symptoms of aortic aneursym?
back pain
A pulsating feeling near the navel
Deep, constant pain in your abdomen or on the side of your abdomen
