ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Question 1

Endothelium is?

Answer 1

Single-layer basal
lamina

Question 2

Subendothelial Layer is?

Answer 2

Contains
smooth muscle cells and loose
connective tissue. Both are arranged
in longitudinal

Question 3

Membrane elastica interna is?

Answer 3

t is
the layer where elastic fibers are
found. Especially well developed
muscular arteries

Question 4

what are The 3 main tasks of Endothelium?

Answer 4

1. Providing blood-tissue permeability,
2. Control the vascular tone,
3. To regulate vessel surface properties according to hemostasis and inflammation

Question 5

what is the first lesion in atherosclerosis?

Answer 5

endothelin disruption

Question 6

There are no tunica media in capillary and postcapillary venules
true or false?

Answer 6

true

Question 7

In the larger muscular arteries and large arteries, between the media and the adventitia layer, the membrane
is thinner than ?

Answer 7

internal elastic membrane

Question 8

arteries are efferent or afferent vessels?

Answer 8

efferent

Question 9

Classification of arteries is?

Answer 9

1-Elastic Arteries
2-Muscular Arteries
3-Small Arteries and Arterioles

Question 10

when we see elongation and compression of elastic arteries

Answer 10

during systole the elastic arteries are elongated
while, in diastole the elastic arteries are compressed

Question 11

Arterial pressure
flow velocity, pressure variability increases as it moves away from the heart.
true or false?

Answer 11

false decreases

Question 12

he most common type of artery that distributes blood to organs.
is?

Answer 12

Muscular Arteries

Question 13

om elastic arteries to muscular arteries, elastic material decreases, smooth
muscle increases.
true or false?

Answer 13

true

Question 14

when the Pathological Vascular Changes?

Answer 14

The first change is the increase in connective tissue in the intima.

Question 15

Elastic membranes break apart as the intima thickens
true or false?

Answer 15

true

Question 16

The largest arteries continue to grow until the age of?

Answer 16

25

Question 17

precursor of the heart attack is?

Answer 17

Atherosclerosis

Question 18

Atherosclerosis affects the muscular arteries
true or false?

Answer 18

false, the elastic arteries

Question 19

list some of Pathological Vascular Changes

Answer 19

➢ Accumulation of soft, cell-free lipid material in the intima walls.
➢ These deposits narrow down the lumen diameter even at the age of 25.
➢ The fibrous plaques (atherosclerotic plaques) formed in the intima of the
elderly are pathological.
➢ Elastic fibrils disintegrate.
➢ Calcification is observed in the muscular artery.

Question 20

what happens when the endothelium is destroyed?

Answer 20

the platelets collected here stimulate the
proliferation of smooth muscle cells by secreting platelet-derived growth factor.

Question 21

abnormal inflammatory macrophage accumulation in the
walls of the arteries is?

Answer 21

Atheroma

Question 22

what atherosclerosis will cause?

Answer 22

Myocardial infarction,
Stroke,
Aorta and lower extremity disease

Question 23

Atherosclerotic vascular disease can be defined as?

Answer 23

as focal contraction of large and median coronary arteries due to intimal proliferation and lipid deposition of smooth muscle cells.

Question 24

dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis
true or false?

Answer 24

true

Question 25

disease process beginning with foam cells, leading to oily lines and eventually to increased atheromatous plaques is?

Answer 25

Atherogenesis

Question 26

atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, rather than the accumulation of lipid in the vessel wall true or false?

Answer 26

true

Question 27

atherosclerosis is a continuous, linear process true or false?

Answer 27

false, it is not

Question 28

➢ Atherosclerosis ➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD) ➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris) ➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) ➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF) ➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease ➢ Stroke are?

Answer 28

types of cardiovascular disease

Question 29

➢ Atherosclerosis ➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD) ➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris) ➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) ➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF) ➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease ➢ Stroke are?

Answer 29

types of cardiovascular disease

Question 30

drug used to relax (dilate) the vein is?

Answer 30

Nitroglycerin

Question 31

heart beat is sporadic, quivering pattern is?

Answer 31

Fibrillation

Question 32

Coronary artery disease is thought to begin with damage or injury to the?

Answer 32

inner layer of a coronary artery

Question 33

▪Atherosclerosis is a chronic and non-progressive inflammatory disease of the arterial endothelium. true or false?

Answer 33

false, progressive

Question 34

restriction to valve opening (stenosis) leads to ?

Answer 34

obstruction of flow and increasing transvalvular gradient (pressure overloading)

Question 35

inadequate valve closure (incompetence) leads to ?

Answer 35

valvular regurgitation (volume overloading).

Question 36

obstruction/narrowing =stenosis, inadequate closure/ insufficiency = regurgitation true or false?

Answer 36

true