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KNES 372 (Sport Med) > Athlete Infections > Flashcards

Athlete Infections Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Popular viruses

A

-influenza
-polio

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2
Q

Treatment for viruses

A

-antivirals
-prevention: vaccines

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3
Q

Popular bacteria infections

A

-tetanus
-tuberculosis

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4
Q

Treatment for bacterial infections

A

-antibiotics (finish entire course!)
-prevention: vaccines

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5
Q

Fungal infections and treatment

A

-yeast, mold, mushroom
-antifungals
-NO licensed vaccines

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6
Q

Disease causing parasites in humans

A

1) protozoa (giardia)
2) helminths (roundworm)
3) ectoparasites (lice, mites, ticks)

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7
Q

Treatment for parasites

A

-vaccines for domestic animals
-anti-parasitics

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8
Q

direct transmission

A

skin to skin

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9
Q

indirect transmission

A

touch infected substances (door knob)

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10
Q

droplet transmission

A

projectile, larger in size (sneeze)

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11
Q

airborne transmission

A

smaller particles (breathing)

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12
Q

vehicle transmission

A

eating/drinking pathogen

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13
Q

vector borne transmission

A

insects, pests

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14
Q

bloodborne transmission

A

cuts, unsafe handling of blood

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15
Q

mother to child transmission

A

during pregnancy/birth

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16
Q

General symptoms of infection

A

-fever, diarrhea, fatigue, muscle aches, coughing

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17
Q

When should you see a doctor?

A

-animal bite
-cough for more than a week
-breathing problems
-sever headache w/ fever
-rash/swelling
-prolonged/unexplained fever
-sudden vision problems

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18
Q

Most common systemic infections

A

1) respiratory
2) gastrointestinal

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19
Q

Which gender suffers from a higher average frequency of infection?

A

females

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20
Q

What relationship is described by the “J-shaped” curve

A

-sedentary behavior (average risk of infection)
-moderate PA (low risk)
-high PA (high risk)

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21
Q

What are some risk factors for infection in athletic pop?

A

-strenuous exercise (leukocyte depression)
-higher breathing rate (exposure)
-lack of sleep
-mental stress
-poor nutrition

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22
Q

URTI’s are most commonly which pathogen?

Study These Flashcards
A

-Upper respiratory tract infections are mainly viral

23
Q

Typical observation of URTI’s

Study These Flashcards
A

-runny nose, sore throat, fatigue, low grade fever, cough
-usually 4-10 days
-management symptoms w/ fluids, pain control, rest

24
Q

Neck check

Study These Flashcards
A

ABOVE- nasal congestion, runny nose sore throat (can play cautiously)
BELOW- vomiting, diarrhea, fever (stop activity - rest!)

25
Infectious mononucleosis (mono)
-common -Epstein-Barr VIRUS -saliva (kissing) -30 to 50 day incubation -complication: enlarged spleen
26
treatment for mono
-rest, eat healthy, fluids -tylenol, advil for soreness -NO ANTIVIRALS
27
Influenza
-NOT the common cold -highly contagious -winter season (Oct-March)
28
Symptoms of influenza
(1-3) fever, headache, muscle pain and weakness, dry cough, sore throat, stuffy nose (4) hoarse, dry cough and mild chest discomfort (8) symptoms decrease, cough and tiredness
29
Complications of influenza
-dehydration, pneumonia, bronchitis, myositis, death
30
Influenza treatment
-supportive care, hydration -Tylenol/NSAIDS -antivirals (within 48h onset) -isolate (5 days)
31
Prevention of respiratory infections
-good nutrition, flu shot, proper rest, periodization, stay warm (avoid cold/wet), wash hands, avoid touching face, isolate symptomatic
32
Urinary tract infections (UTI)
-usually bacterial (E.coli) -urge to urinate, burning sensation
33
UTI risk factors
-female, dehydration, intense exercise, poor hygiene, friction
34
UTI prevention
-stay hydrated, cranberry juice, hygiene, wear loose/breathable clothing
35
UTI treatment
-antibiotics, pain relief, increase fluid intake
36
Alternate name for otitis external
-"swimmer's ear" -usually bacterial -itching, redness, hearing loss
37
Otitis external risk factors
-chronic moisture, trauma from foreign bodies, scratches (ear buds)
38
Otitis external prevention
-keep ears dry -don't damage skin
39
Otitis external treatment
-antibiotic/steroid combo -NSAIDS (pain control)
40
Common skin infection in athletes
-cellulitis -impetigo -herpes simplex -tinea
41
cellulitis
-acute spreading skin infection (dermal and subcutaneous) -bacterial invasion into skin tissue
42
cellulitis symptoms
-pain, redness, swelling, warm tense skin (may have fever or not)
43
cellulitis treatment
-skin hygiene -antibiotics (oral, must complete)
44
impetigo
-superficial skin infection (face) -staphylococcus or streptococcus -skin to skin contact
45
impetigo symptoms
-tender red papules (early) -non tender vesicles (redness - later) -honey colored crust (late)
46
impetigo treatment and RTS
-skin hygiene -antibiotics (topical - mild, oral - more diffuse) -72h after antibiotic completion (no new or moist lesions) RTS
47
Herpes simplex
-common in wrestlers (face, head, skin) -skin to skin contact -highly contagious
48
herpes simplex (HSV) symptoms
-at first mild flu-like -rash appears (1-2) days later -burn/tingle -lesions (10-14) days -reactivation (can be triggered later by stress, fever)
49
HSV treatment and RTS
-pain relief, keep dry -oral antivirals -free of systemic symptoms for 72h, no new/active lesions (RTS)
50
Tinea
-fungal skin infection -highly contagious -more common in sweaty areas (heat and moisture help fungi grow)
51
Alternate for tinea pedis
Athlete's foot -trichophyton, epidermophyton
52
Symptoms tinea pedis
-itching, scaling, vesicles
53
Treatment for tinea pedis
-topical or oral antifungals

KNES 372 (Sport Med) (23 decks)

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