ATI Science- DNA & RNA

Question 1

the 4 nitrogenous bases of DNA

Answer 1

Cytosine-Guanine , Adenine-Thymine

Question 2

bases of RNA

Answer 2

Cytosine-Guanine, Adenine-Uracil

Question 3

A gene must match a _____ for traits to develop correctly

Answer 3

protein

Question 4

DNA consists of _________

Answer 4

nucleotides

Question 5

Nucleotides consist of _______ & ______

Answer 5

5 carbon sugar and a phosphate group

Question 6

____ has code for a single amino acid

Answer 6

codon

Question 7

groups of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA

Answer 7

codon

Question 8

The steps in DNA replication are controlled by

Answer 8

enzymes

Question 9

Enzyme that starts DNA replication by breaking hydrogen bonds between bases

Answer 9

helicase

Question 10

where splitting of DNA starts is called

Answer 10

origin of replication

Question 11

portion of DNA that is unwound to be replicated

Answer 11

replication fork

Question 12

process where DNA is copied into RNA (by RNA Polymerase)

Answer 12

transcription

Question 13

process where ribosomes use transcribed RNA to produce proteins

Answer 13

translation

Question 14

RNA molecule present in ribosomes

Answer 14

rRNA (ribosomal)

Question 15

RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis ; carries a specific amino acid ; found in cytoplasm

Answer 15

tRNA (transfer)

Question 16

Adenosine is _______ to Thymine. Cytosine is _________ to Guanine

Answer 16

double hydrogen bonded; triple hydrogen bonded

Question 17

DNA is ___ strands and forms what structure ________?

Answer 17

double stranded; double helix

Question 18

carries copy strand of DNA & transports it from nucleus to cytoplasm

Answer 18

mRNA (messenger RNA)

Question 19

Histones are proteins associated with

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

Which of the following are used to determine a person’s DNA sequence

Answer 20

genes

Question 21

To separate genomic DNA fragments by size, which of these laboratory methods is
most useful?

Answer 21

Electrophoresis

Question 22

Purines (2 rings)

Answer 22

adenine and guanine

Question 23

Pyrimidines (1 ring)

Answer 23

cytosine and thymine

Question 24

In most cells, primary carrier of genetic information

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

serves as a messenger that transmits genetic information from DNA to cytoplasm of cell

Answer 25

RNA

Question 26

How do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome?

Answer 26

RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cell cytoplasm

Question 27

Which of the following best describes one of the roles of RNA?

Answer 27

Sending messages about the correct sequence of proteins in DNA