ATM 2 Lesson 2 Flashcards by Conor Benstead

What ICAO document contains the standard radio phraseology

ICAO doc 9432

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What is the purpose of having standardised radiotelephony phraseology

So language is clear and concise so communication is unambiguous hence pilot and controller workload is reduced as it contribute to safety of flight

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Are pleasantries acceptable on RT

Yes but should be avoided or otherwise not be excessive

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What is CAP413

The UK radiotelephony manual

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What does ICAO document 4444 concern itself with

Air Traffic management

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What tone should an ATCO have on RT

Clear, confident and authorative

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Roughly how many words per minute should be said on RT

100 words per minute

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What information is standardised on RT in aviation

NATO phonetic alphabet, numbers and when they are said individually or together. When units change, M vs KM. Aircraft callsigns. The order instructions are given to aircraft

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What RT information requires a readback

1) ATC route clearances
2) Clearances and instructions relating to the runway (depart, arrive, cross, holding short, backtrack)
3) Vital info. Altimeter settings, squark, heading and speeds, runway being used, transition levels

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What sequence should be followed when making an RT transmission successfully

Think
Press
Speak
Release

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How should a headset be set up to function effectivly

Functioning, boom 5cm from mouth, constant appropriate volume in ears

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How can an aircraft confirm receipt on vital instructions

Readback, not good enough to monitor compliance via mode S. Be sure to check and correct readback errors immediately

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What document gives the standards for aircraft clearances

EU 923/2012

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What aircraft receive ATC clearances

Aircraft receiving ATC service in controlled airspace

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What is an ATC clearance

A controller authorising an aircraft to conduct an action under conditions that may be specified

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In what airspace class does an IFR flight require clearance

A-E

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In what airspace class does an VFR flight require clearance

B-D
No VFR in class A, no clearance needed in class E

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What sort of information is included in an ATC clearance

1) Aircraft callsign/identifier
2) Clearance limit
3) Flight route
4) Levels
5) Additional info. Squark, departure being followed, frequency to contact, clearance expiry time

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What instruction should be given to a pilot if their RT transmission is not understood

“Say Again”

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What document contains SERA. What does SERA stand for

923/2012 EU Standardised European Rules of the Air

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What ATC clearances are appropriate to an aircraft already on track

1) Squawk
2) Route (airway/reporting point) to use
3) Destination clearance

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What ATC clearances are appropriate to an aircraft entering CAS

1) Track to join
2) Climbing level
3) Further routing (point/airway)
4) Destination

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What ATC clearances are appropriate to an aircraft leaving CAS

Cleared to leave CAS at xxx for (destination)

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What happens to a previous clearance if issuing an amended clearance

Issue clearance in full again. Overrides all previous clearances

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How do you define ATC instructions

Directive issued by ATC for the purpose of a pilot taking a specific action that should be executed without delay

What are the two broad key elements of an ATC instruction

Callsign Instruction to be executed

What is a SID

Standard instrument departure. Pre established routes that a flight can follow

What is a clearance limit when issuing clearances

The boundary up to which the current clearance applies, typically its destination aerodrome

What is a conditional clearance

Where an aircraft is clear to carry out a specified mauver providing a defined caveat has been fulfilled

In what conditions may a flight in VMC maintain its own separation

1) When authorised by the ATS authority 2) Operating in class D/E 3) Daylight 4) Other aircraft involved agree or other aircraft aren't involved

Up to what FL can a flight in VMC maintain its own seperation

10000ft

In what situations can an aircraft maintaining its own visual separation in VMC revert back to controller issued separation

1) Flight above 10000ft 2) If ATC believe VMC not being maintained hence IFR flight would be issued alternative instructions 3) If pilot inform ATC prior to entering IMC and ATC will issue more appropriate clearances

What are the aerodrome separation standards

Should achieve safe, orderly and expeditious flow of traffic preventing collisions between: 1) a/c in area of responsibility of the tower, including circuits 2) a/c in manoeuvring area 3) a/c landing/departing 4) a/c and vehicles in manoeuvring area 5) a/c and obstruction in manoeuvring area

What procedures may an aerodrome controller use to separate a/c

1) Hold a/c at intermediate points 2) Give positive sequence instructions (behind/after) 3) a/c prioritsed over vehicles

When must vehicles be separated from each other by an aerodrome controller

When a tug is manoeuvring an aircraft

What is RSIVA

Reduced separation in the vicinity of an aerodrome

When can RSIVA be utilised

1) When controller has constant vis of a/c being separated 2) When pilots have vis to each other 3) When a following aircraft has vis of the aircraft ahead

When aircraft are operating in RSIVA what information does the controller provide to aircraft

Traffic information. 1) Position of other aircraft in circuit 2) Estimated arrival time and direction 3) Aircraft types 4) Where aircraft are in sequence

How can an IFR flight expedite its landing

Request visual approach based on traffic info maintaining their own visual separation in line with RSIVA. ATC recommend wake distance but up to the pilot

When two IFR flights diverge at least 45 degrees after departure what time separation should be given

1 minute

When two IFR flights depart on the same track and the first aircraft is at least 40 knots faster what time separation should be given

2 minutes

When two IFR flights depart on the same track and the first aircraft is at least 20 knots faster but not 40 knots faster what time separation should be given

5 minutes

When two IFR flights depart on the same track and the first aircraft is less than 20 knots faster what time separation should be given

10 minutes

When two IFR flights depart on the same track and the first aircraft is the same speed as the second or slower what time separation should be given

10 minutes

When is daylight defined as

30 minutes before sunrise and 30 minutes after sunset

What conditions must be satisfied for reduced runway separation minima to apply

1) IFR departure separations and wake turbulence minima both don't apply 2) Consecutive departures or a landing aircraft behind a previous departure or arrival 3) Safety assessment says safety can be maintained, runway length, aerodrome layout and types of aircraft all considered

What is the definition of essential local traffic

Any a/c, vehicle or personnel on or near the runway, in take off and climb out area or final approach which constitutes a collision hazard to arriving or departing aircraft

What are the ICAO wake turbulence separations

Super (J) Over 136,000kg & specified A380 Heavy (H) Over 136,000kg not specified J A340 Medium (M) 136000kg - 7000kg Cessna Citation Longitude Light (L) 7000kg less Cessna Citation Mustang

How far should a/c be kept from heli downwash

3 x rotor diameter

Should aircraft conducting visual approaches be given wake separation

No requirement

What is the time and distance separation for Super being followed by a Heavy arrival

2 mins 5nm

What is the time and distance separation for Super being following by a Medium arrival

3 mins 7nm

What is the time and distance separation for Super being following by a Light arrival

4 mins 8nm

What is the time and distance separation for Heavy being following by a Medium arrival

2 mins 5 nm

What is the time and distance separation for Medium being following by a Light arrival

3 mins 5nm

What is the time and distance separation for Heavy being following by a Light arrival

3 mins 6nm

In what 3 situations is wake turbulence minima considered

1) Aircraft operating directly behind or within 1000ft below it 2) Both aircraft using the same or parallel runways separated by less than 2500ft 3) Aircraft crossing behind another within 1000ft below of it

What time must be left between departing aircraft

2 mins except Super vs med of light then 3 mins

What time must be left between departing aircraft when the following aircraft is departing from an intermediate point of the runway

3 mins except super vs med or light then 4 mins

What time based separation for wake purposes must be used on runways with displaced thresholds

2 mins, unless super vs med or light then 3 mins for both departure and arrival

What time based separation for wake purposes must be used on opposing runways following a low or missed approach

3 mins unless med/light following a super then 4 mins

ATM 2 Lesson 2 Flashcards

(62 cards)