Atomic Structure And Periodic Table Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the basic unit of matter?
Atom
True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
True
Fill in the blank: The number of protons in an atom determines its ______.
element
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron
What is the mass number of an atom?
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Relative atomic mass=
Sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass of number) / sum of abundance of all the isotopes
A isotopes is ?
Diffrent forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a diffrent number of neutrons
Same atomic number but diffrent mass number
Compounds are ?
Elements that have mixed
How do you do chromatography ?
Draw a line along the filter paper add a spot of ink on the line then place the bottom of the paper in a water beaker. The solvent will move up the paper showing the variety of colours used
What is simple distillation ?
RPA
It is used to separate a liquid from solution, the solution is heated and the lowest boiling point evaporates first. The vapour is then cooled and collected and the rest of the solution is left behind. Is used to get pure water from seawater.
Fractional distillation ?
RPA
Used to separate a mixture of liquids, place your mixture in a flask then heat it and diffrent liquids will have different boiling points so raise the temp after every liquid evaporates
Order of the discovery of an atom ?
John dalton
J J Thompson
Rutherford
Bohr
Rutherford
Chadwick
John dalton said an atom was ?
A solid sphere
J J thomasons atomic model was called what and included what ?
The “plum pudding model” and a ball of positive charge with electrons within
Rutherford proved the plum pudding model wrong how ? And his idea was ?
The alpha particle scattering experiment. The most particles went straight through but some deflects backwards. Rutherford thought of the nuclear model that had a positively charged nucleus with electrons around
What did bohr discover in the atomic model ?
He discovered the electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells
James Chadwick discoverd what ?
A neutral particle in the nucleus called neutrons
The electron shell rules are
1st shell:2
2nd shell:8
3rd shell:8
And atoms always want a full outer shell that’s why they react
Group one elements are ?
They are reactive, soft metals. The alkali metals are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium,caesium and francium
Group 1 (alkali metals) form?
They form ionic compounds with non metals as they don’t need much energy to lose there one electron
Group 7 elements (hallogens) are? Give examples ?
Halogens are all non metals that get less reactive as they go down, higher melting and boiling point, higher relative atomic mass. Examples are fluorine,chlorine, bromine, iodine
Halogens cause what type of bonding?
Halogen atoms share electrons via covalent bonding with other non metals to have a full outer shell that’s
A displacement reaction is?
When more reactive halogens will displace less reactive ones
Group 0 elements are ?
All colourless gasses called Nobel gasses.Examples are helium, neon, argon. Also have a already full outer shell so will not react
