Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 1

Is any compound that is formed from carbon and hydrogen atoms only

Question 2

Formula for alkanes hydrocarbons?

Answer 2

C2H2n+2

Question 3

What are the first 4 alkanes ?

Answer 3

1- methane C1 H4
2- Ethane C2 H6
3- Propane C3 H8
4- Butane C4 H10

Question 4

What properties change as the chain of hydrocarbons get longer?

Answer 4

-more runny a hydrocarbon is
-more volatile (lower boiling point)
-more flammable
-changes there uses

Question 5

What is complete combust of any hydrocarbon in oxygen ?

Answer 5

Hydrocarbon+oxygene->carbon dioxide+water vapour (+engery). During combustion both carbon and hydrogen from hydrocarbons are oxidised.

Question 6

What can crude oil be used for ?

Answer 6

Can be used to make loads of useful things such as fuels and is a fossil fuel, formed from the remains of plants and animals

Question 7

What is crude oil?

Answer 7

A mixture of lots of different hydrocarbons.

Question 8

How does fractional distillation happen on crude oil ?

Answer 8

1-the oil is heated then enters a fractionating column
2-the longer hydrocarbons have higher boiling points
3-they condense back into liquids when they drain out of the column
4-Then crude oil is separated into diffrent fractions

Question 9

What is cracking in long chains of hydrocarbons?

Answer 9

When long chain hydrocarbons are not that useful they are cracked into short chain hydrocarbons which serve more as they are more flammable

Question 10

What is the diffrent between alkenes and alkanes ?

Answer 10

Alkenes have a double carbon bond and are unsaturated

Question 11

Alkenes formula

Answer 11

Alkenes formula=CnH2n

Question 12

What are the first 4 alkenes?

Answer 12

1-ethene C2 H4
2-propene C3 H6
3-Butene C4 H8
4-pentene C5 H10
All change e to a for alkanes

Question 13

What are polymers ?

Answer 13

Are made up of lots of the same molecules joined together into one long chain. And make up plastics

Question 14

What are monomers?

Answer 14

Small molecules that come together to form long molecules called polymers

Question 15

Formula for alcohol ?

Answer 15

CnH2n+1OH
And all alcohols contain -OH group

Question 16

What are the first 4 in the homologous seris (a group of chemicals that react in the similar ways)

Answer 16

1-methanol
2-ethanol
3-propanol
4-butanol
All end in anol

Question 17

Carboxylic acids are ?

Answer 17

A homologous series of compounds that all have “-COOH” as a functional group

Question 18

What are the 4 carboxylic acids ?

Answer 18

1-methanoic acid
2-ethanoic acid
3-propanoic acid
4-butanoic acid
All end in “anoic acid”