Atomic Structure and Periodic Table - C1 and C2

Question 1

What is filtration

Answer 1

It is a method used to separate substances, one which is soluble and the other is non-soluble

Question 2

What is Crystallisation

Answer 2

Used to obtain salts from solutions, the solution is heated until crystallisation to evaporate the water

Question 3

What is distillation

Answer 3

It is a method used to obtain a solvent from a soluble solid. The solvent is evaporated and then condensed and collected

Question 4

What are miscible liquids

Answer 4

Liquids that dissolve in each other, mixing completely

Question 5

what is fractional distillation

Answer 5

It is separating substances based on their boiling points

Question 6

what is chromatography

Answer 6

Separating substances based on how well they dissolve

Question 7

What was the evidence for electrons

Answer 7

JJ Thompson’s experiment on beams of particles

created the plum pudding model

Question 8

What was evidence for the nucleus

Answer 8

Geiger’s experiment of firing positive charged particles at a sheet of gold
They proposed a positively charged nucleus in the middle

Question 9

What was the evidence for electrons in shells

Answer 9

Bohr suggested electrons orbited the nucleus

Question 10

What was evidence for neutrons

Answer 10

James Chadwick did an experiment proving the neutron in the nucleus

Question 11

Who invented the periodic table

Answer 11

Mendeleev

Question 12

What did Mendeleev do that was different

Answer 12

He left gaps for other elements that hadn’t been discovered yet

Question 13

What is the atomic number

Answer 13

The number of electrons and protons in an element

Question 14

What is the mass number

Answer 14

The number of protons and neutrons combined

Question 15

What determined an elements position in the table

Answer 15

The atomic number

Question 16

What determines the properties of an element

Answer 16

The number of electrons in the biggest shell

Question 17

What is group 1 called

Answer 17

The Alkali metals

Question 18

What happens to the MP’s of the alkali metals

Answer 18

They decrease as you go down the group

Question 19

What do all the alkali metals react with

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

What does the reaction between group 1 and water produce

Answer 20

hydrogen and metal hydroxide which makes an alkali solution

Question 21

What ions do group 1 form

Answer 21

1+

Question 22

What happens to the reactivity of group 1 metals

Answer 22

Increases as you go down

Question 23

What is group 7 called

Answer 23

The halogens

Question 24

What ions does group 7 form

Answer 24

1-

They can also form covalent bonds

Question 25

What happens to the reactivity of group 7 metals

Answer 25

Decreases as you go down

Question 26

What can halogens do to other halogens

Answer 26

They can displace less reactive halogens from a solution of one of its salts

Question 27

What does the electrostatic attraction depend on

Answer 27

Distance between electrons and nucleus
The number of shells
The size of the positive charge on the nucleus

Question 28

What does shielding mean

Answer 28

The bigger the elements, the further the furthest electron is from the nucleus which e]means it doesn’t have much attraction to it. This means that it is easier to lose the electrons but harder to gain electrons.

Question 29

What are the Transition metals

Answer 29

They are the metals between group 2 and group 3 in the table

Question 30

What are the transition metals properties

Answer 30

Higher MP’s and densities compared to alkali metals
They are also stronger and harder but less reactive
Don’t react vigorously with water
Can form ions with different charges
Compounds are usually coloured
Catalysts