Atomic Structure & Periodic Table PAPER 1 Flashcards
State 4 properties of metals
Strong, good conductors of heat and electricity, high melting and boiling point, malleable
Explain the trend down group one
There is an increasing reactivity as the outer electron is further from the nucleus, lower melting and boiling point, higher relative atomic mass
How were elements classified in the 1800s
By atomic weight
Argon is in group 0, it’s un reactive , explain why.
Argon has a full outer shell so is stable and doesn’t have to gain or lose electrons
Why do group 7 elements get less reactive as you go down the group
Halogens react by gaining electrons to get a full outer shell. As you go further down the group, the outer electrons are further from the nucleus so there is less attraction between them and the nucleus meaning the electrons are harder to gain so are less reactive
What colours are fluorine,chlorine,bromine and iodine
Fluorine-yellow gas
Bromine- red-brown liquid
Chlorine- green gas
Iodine- dark grey or purple vapour
How did Rutherford experiment disprove the plum pudding model
If the plum pudding model was correct most of the alpha particles. The deflections of the particles suggest that atoms contain a small nucleus where the positive charge is concentrated.
What is a compound
2 or more atoms that are chemically bonded
How do you calculate the relative atomic mass
Sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) /sum of abundance of all the isotopes
What is the relative mass and charge of a proton, neutron and electron
Proton- RM:1, charge: +1
Neutron- RM:1, charge: 0
Electron- RM: very small, charge: -1
What did Bohr discover
He found out that if there was a cloud of electrons, it would cause the atoms of collapse, so he propose electrons put on shells that orbited the nucleus .
Name a separation method that can separate solution
Simple distillation or fractional distillation
