Atomic Structure Review Questions Flashcards
What is found in the nucleus?
protons and neutrons
describe a neutron
found in the nucleus and has no charge
Describe the gold foil experiment
Basically, Rutherford conducted an experiment where he threw alpha particles through gold foil and saw that most went through which meant that atoms are mainly empty space and some particles deflected because of the positive nucleus.
describe an electron
very small mass and negatively charged
Where do we find electrons in an atom?
orbital (region of electron probability)
What information does the atomic number tell you about an atom
number of protons
charge of the nucleus of an atom
number of protons
emitted
released
absorbed
gained
ion
a charged species formed by loss/gain of electrons
electrons going from the third level to the second level will do what with energy?
release energy
electrons going from the third level to the fourth level will do what with energy?
absorb energy
bright line spectrums happen when
electrons go from excited start to ground state/ energy is released in forms of light
Ions
a charged species formed by a loss or gain of electrons
isotopes
atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
atomic mass
average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
orbital
area of electron probability
covalent
a shared bond between 2 elements in which electrons are shared
ground state
all the electrons are in the lowest principle energy level
excited state
an electron has absorbed energy and has temporarily moved to a higher energy ring
valence electrons
electrons in the outermost ring of an atom and are involved in bonding
electron configuration
number of electrons in each ring around the atom
stable octet
atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with 8 electrons
Line spectrum
a spectrum in which light of only a certain wavelength is emitted or absorbed, rather than a continuous range of colors
