Atoms

Question 1

what are atoms made up of?

Answer 1

• protons
• electrons
• neutrons

Question 2

what is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

what is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 3

1

Question 4

what is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 4

0.0005

Question 5

what is the relative charge of a proton?

Answer 5

+1

Question 6

what is the relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 6

0

Question 7

what is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 7

-1

Question 8

what is the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 8

• its in the middle of the atom
• it contains protons and neutrons
• it has a positive charge because of the protons
• almost the whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus
• compared to the overall size of the atom, the nucleus is tiny

Question 9

what are the electrons in an atom?

Answer 9

• electrons move around the nucleus in energy levels called shells
• they are negatively charged
• they are tiny, but their orbitals cover a lot of space
• the size of their orbitals determines the size of the atom
• electrons have virtually no mass

Question 10

what does the number of electrons equal?

Answer 10

the number of protons

Question 11

do neutral atoms have a charge?

Answer 11

no

Question 12

what happens when electrons are added or removed from an atom?

Answer 12

the atom becomes charged and it is then an ion

Question 13

what does the atomic number tell you?

Answer 13

how many protons there are

Question 14

what do atoms of the same element all share?

Answer 14

the same number of protons - so atoms of different elements will have different numbers of protons

Question 15

what does the mass number tell you?

Answer 15

the total number of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 16

how do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 16

mass number - atomic number

Question 17

what are molecules?

Answer 17

groups of atoms - some molecules are made up from just one element, whilst others are made up of more than one element