Atoms And Elements

Question 1

What are atoms made up of

Answer 1

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 2

What is the relative mass and relative charge of each subatomic particle within an atom

Answer 2

Proton is 1 +1, neutron is 1 0, and an electron is 1/2000 -1

Question 3

Mass number

Answer 3

Total number of protons and neutrons inside a nucleus

Question 4

Atomic number

Answer 4

Number of protons inside a nucleus, identifies the element

Question 5

How is the charge of an element neutral

Answer 5

There is the same number of protons and electrons

Question 6

How to work out the number of neutrons

Answer 6

Mass number - atomic number

Question 7

What is an ion

Answer 7

An atom with a different number of electrons, giving it either a negative or a positive charge

Question 8

Isotope

Answer 8

An element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons within its nucleus, meaning they have different mass numbers

Question 9

1897 JJ Thomson - Plum Pudding Model

Answer 9

His measurements of charge and mass revealed that the atom contained smaller negative charged particles, calling them corpuscles, now known as electrons

Question 10

1909 Ernest Rutherford Alpha Particles

Answer 10

Geiger-Marsden experiment, fired alpha particles at thin sheet of gold, expected most of the alpha particles to be deflected very slightly by the positive plum pudding model that was said to make up most of the atom, however most went straight through and a very small amount deflected backwards creating the nuclear model

Question 11

Bohr Model

Answer 11

Electron cloud around the nucleus would spiral down causing the atom to collapse so had to be false, so electrons are in fixed orbits, or shells, each shell has fixed energy, when electrons move between shells electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed, they have fixed frequencies