Atoms, Elements and Ions Flashcards
(17 cards)
Cation meaning
Loses electrons (+)
Anion meaning
Gains electrons (-)
What does the atomic number do?
It is the basic property that determine the order of the elements in the periodic table
How do neutral atoms form ions? And how can you predict the charge each of these ions will have?
Neutral atoms form ions by gaining or losing electrons. This happens because atoms want to achieve a full outer electron shell, which makes them more stable.
You can predict the ion’s charge by looking at its group number on the periodic table
What does isoelectronic mean?
Have the same electronic configuration as each other
What is one thing that determines the identity of an atom?
the protons determine the identity of an atom because no other element has the exact same number of protons
Isotopes meaning?
It has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What are the subatomic particles? And their charges?
protons - positive
neutrons - neutral
electrons - negative
Why do atoms have the same number of protons and electrons?
Due to the number of positive charges must be the same as the negative charges to balance it
What does Bohr’s model propose?
That electrons of specific energy move around the central nucleus in the electron shells
How many electrons on each shell?
1 - 2 electrons
2 - 8 electrons
3 - 18 electrons
4 - 32 electrons
Valence electrons meaning?
Are the electrons in the outer shell of atoms
WHat is the important note on electron configuration?
For the first 20 elements, the third shell never has more than eight electrons
e.g potassium has 19 electron therefore: 2, 8, 8, 1
Why do atoms gain or lose electrons?
atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve more stable outer shell configuration
Definition of element
A substance only made up of only one type of atom
What is a mono atomic ion?
One atom ion- S^2-
(only has one capital letter)
What is polyatomic ion?
many atoms ion - CO3^2+
(has more than one capital letter)
