ATP

Question 1

What is ATP made up of?

Answer 1

Adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups

Question 2

What is the hydrolysis reaction of ATP?

Answer 2

ATP + h20 ———> ADP + Pi

Question 3

What enzyme catalysed the hydrolysis reaction of ATP?

Answer 3

ATP hydrolase

Question 4

What is the condensation reaction of ATP?

Answer 4

ADP + Pi ——-> ATP + h2o

Question 5

What enzyme catalyses the condensation reaction of ATP?

Answer 5

ATP synthase - catalysed a condensation to join a phosphate to ADP to form ATP

Question 6

What are the uses of ATP?

Answer 6

Active transport - glucose absorption, ion uptake in the roots
Muscle contraction
Phosphorylation

Question 7

What is phosphorylation?

Answer 7

A phosphate is added Making molecules more reactive by lowering their activation energy.

Question 8

What are the advantages of ATP?

Answer 8

1) releases energy into smaller more manageable amounts
2) broken down in 1 hydrolysis reaction
3) phosphorylates to lower the activation energy of bio mols
4) rapidly reformed
5) soluble - most biological reactions take place in solution in the cytoplasm
Aqueous solution means more kinetic energy which results in more collisions

Question 9

What is the con of ATP?

Answer 9

ATP can’t be moved from cell to cell because it is so reactive

Question 10

Key info:

Answer 10

It’s not a long term energy store but it’s the immediate energy source of a cell

Question 11

ATP vs carbs/ lipids

Answer 11

• ATP are smaller in quantity present within mitochondria of cells but carbs are in large quantities present in fat/glycogen
• ATP is rapidly reformed but carbs are slower to reform
• in ATP energy is released in small suitable amounts but carbs are released in larger less suitable amounts
• ATP is hydrolysed in 1 hydrolysis reaction but for carbs many reactions are required to release energy from a glucose molecule
• ATP cannot be stored but carbs can
• ATP is soluble but glycogen/fat is insoluble