Proteins

Question 1

What are the functions of protein?

Answer 1

Structural eg) collagen which form connective tissue (keratin = nails + hair + horns)
Signalling eg) hormones such as insulin or FSH
Catalysts eg) enzymes that speed up chemical reaction
Transport eg) haemoglobin carries oxygen
Antibodies

Question 2

What is the monomer of protein?

Answer 2

Amino acids

Question 3

What is the dimer of proteins?

Answer 3

Dipeptides

Question 4

What is polymer of protein?

Answer 4

Polypeptide

Question 5

What are the two groups amino acids form ?

Answer 5

Amine group and carboxylic group

Question 6

How do you form a polypeptide?

Answer 6

A chain of many amino acids joined via peptide bonds formed between amine and carboxylic acid groups

Question 7

Starch

Answer 7

Enzyme: pancreatic/ salivary amylase
Product: maltose
Made: salivary glands and pancreas
Acts: mouth and ileum
Bonds broken: alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bond

Question 8

Maltose

Answer 8

Enzyme: maltase
Product: 2 x alpha glucose
Made: ileum lining
Acts: ileum
Bonds broken: alpha 1,4 glycosidic bond

Question 9

Sucrose

Answer 9

Enzyme: sucrase
Product: alpha glucose and fructose
Made: ileum lining
Acts: ileum

Question 10

Lactose

Answer 10

Enzyme: lactase
Product: alpha glucose and galactose
Made: ileum lining
Acts: ileum

Question 11

Protein 1

Answer 11

Enzyme: endopeptidase
Product: smaller peptides
Made: stomach, ileum and pancreas
Acts: stomach and ileum
Bonds broken: peptide bond

Question 12

Protein 2

Answer 12

Enzyme: exopeptidase
Product: amino acids and dipeptides
Made: ileum lining and pancreas
Acts: ileum
Bonds broken: peptide bond

Question 13

Dipeptides

Answer 13

Enzyme: Dipeptidase
Product: amino acids
Made: ileum lining
Acts: ileum
Bonds broken: peptide bonds

Question 14

Lipids

Answer 14

Enzyme: lipase
Product: 2 x fatty acids and a monoglyceride
Made: ileum lining and pancreas
Acts: ileum
Bonds broken: ester bond