ATP Exam Questions

Question 1

Name the 2 products of ATP hydrolysis

Answer 1

Pi
ADP

Question 2

State 2 variables that the student should have controlled when investigating the muscle tissue

Answer 2

Thickness of muscle
temperature of muscle

Question 3

What happens when concentration of ATP increase and when length of muscle tissue decreases

Answer 3

More ATP hydrolysed by ATP hydroylase. So more energy released so more muscle contraction

Question 4

Equation for ATP synthase

Answer 4

ADP + Pi -> ATP + H2O

Question 5

Suggest why human ATP synthase is not inhibited and bacterial synthase is inhibited

Answer 5

human ATP has a different tertiary structure
and different shape of active site

Question 6

ATP is an energy source used in many cell processes. Give 2 ways in which ATP is a suitable energy source for cells to use

Answer 6

Releases small amount of energy
Releases energy instantaneously

Question 7

Describe how ATP is resynthesised in cells

Answer 7

ATP synthases ADP + Pi during respiration

Question 8

Give 2 ways in which the hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells

Answer 8

To provide energy for other reactions
To add Phosphates

Question 9

Describe how an ATP molecule is formed from its component molecules.

Answer 9

Adenine, Ribose Sugar and 3 phosphate groups join together by condensation reaction by ATP synthase

Question 10

Use the graph above to calculate the percentage decrease in the rate of amino acid
absorption by H cells in 30 mmol dm–3 cyanide solution

Answer 10

57

Question 11

Using the graph above and the information provided, what can you conclude about amino
acid uptake by G cells and by H cells?

Answer 11

(Amino acid uptake by) active transport;
Accept for ‘transport’, process
Cyanide reduces/stops amino acid uptake;
ATP production stops on
OR
Enzymes not working on
membranes
membranes;
ATP production continues in cytoplasm
OR
Enzymes active in cytoplasm

Question 12

State and explain the property of water that can help to buffer changes in temperature.

Answer 12

High specific heat capacity
Water can gain and lose heat without changing temperature

Question 13

Te hydrolysis of 1 dm3 of a 1 mol dm–3 solution of ATP releases 30 500 J of energy.
60% of the energy released during the hydrolysis of 1 mol dm–3 of ATP is released as heat;
the rest is used for muscle contraction.
The student added 0.05 cm3 of ATP solution to slide D.
Calculate the energy available from ATP for contraction of the muscle on this slide.

Answer 13

4.88 x 10 power of -6

Question 14

• galactose = C6H12O6
• glucose = C6H12O6
• fructose = C6H12O6
  Give the number of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms in a molecule of
  raffinose.
  Number of carbon atoms
  Number of hydrogen atoms
  Number of oxygen atoms

Answer 14

C = 18
H = 32
O = 16

Question 15

A biochemical test for reducing sugar produces a negative result with raffinose solution.
Describe a biochemical test to show that raffinose solution contains a non-reducing sugar.

Answer 15

Heat acid and neutralise
Heat using benedicts solution
Boil and heat using water bath
Blue to brick red

Question 16

The movement of substances across cell membranes is affected by membrane structure.
Describe how.

Answer 16

Phospholipid bilayer allows movement / diffusion  
Phospholipid (bilayer) prevents movement/diffusion of polar/ charged/lipid
insoluble substances
(Membrane) proteins allow polar/charged substances to cross the
membrane/bilayer;
Carrier proteins allow active transport;
Channel/carrier proteins allow facilitated diffusion/co-transport;
Shape/charge of channel / carrier determines which substances move;
Number of channels/carriers determines how much movement;
Membrane surface area determines how much diffusion/movement;

Question 17

Describe how a triglyceride molecule is formed.

Answer 17

1. One glycerol and three fatty acids;
2. Condensation (reactions) and removal of
   three molecules of water;
3. Ester bond(s) (formed);