australia Flashcards
(41 cards)
why was australia chosen for colonisation in 1788?
had land there, needed somewhere to put prisoners,no one else had colonised there, knew there was a lot of land
what were the key problems facing captain phillip when he arrived in australia?
food, supplies,no where to keep prisoners,different seasons from britain, information from captain cook was wrong
what was the first fleet to australia?
a fleet of 11 ships that left for australia in 1787
what is terra nullius?
land that has been legally deemed unoccupied or uninhabited
what problems did the colony face before macquarie arrived?
the marianes had created an oligarcy,rum was the currency, and the colony was full of alcoholics
what were the most significant aspect of maquaries time as governer?
expanded the colony, introduced a new currency, gave ex convicts redemtion and their kids didnt have to carry the burden of their mistakes
what were the key aspects of convict life in the early years of the colony?
-worked for settlers
-had tickdets of leave to prove that they are not escaped conflicts
-they could gain land after being released
what were the new south wales corps?
the marines that took control of the colonies whilst there was no governors
what is an emancipist?
a convict that has served out their sentance or been pardoned
what was currency?
the chidren of ex convicts
what are exclusives?
free settlers
what was the rum rebellion?
officers and new southwales corps marched to the government house in an act of rebellion against governor william blithe. blithe is arrested and the colony put under military rule. 28 th jan 1808- 1st jan 1810
what is benefit of clergy?
a law passed that ensured that unmarried couples couldnt live together
what was a ticket of leave?
a ticket that emancipists had to carry around to prove that they had actually been released and were not just escaped convicts
what were the macquarie towns?
expansions of the settlement;hawkesbury, richmond, windsdor, wilberforce, pitt town and castlereagh
what were the key causes of conflict between the british settlers and the indegenous australian population?
-they were trying to make the indegenous people european and christian when they didnt want to be, took their land which the indegenous people saw as sacred , extremley different cultures
what ways did the goverors try to deal with the problems with indgenous people?
-created paintings/signs demonstrating how they could gain peace
-sent indegenous people to schools to make them european and christain
what were the major effects on the australian aboriginal polulation due to white settlers?
they became very sick from diseases or were murdered, especially in tazmania where the whole population of aboriginals were wiped out, some even died from depression
what was the eora nation?
an aboriginal population, eora was the name first given by settlers to a groups of aboriginal people
what was the black war?
a period of violent conflict between the british colonists and aboriginal australians in tasmania from the mid 1820s-1832
what was the proclimation to the aboriginal people?
restricting the aboriginal people to settled distrcits in the north-eastern corner of the island, but this failed as the aboriginals could not read
what was the fronteir war?
a term to describe the violent conflicts between the indegenous australians and the settlers
what were the key economic indusrties for the developing the colony?
whaling, sealing, sheeping
what does the bigge report set out and why was it so significant in terms of the new colonies political development?
examined the convict system, the relationship between social classes,macquaries public works and conditions in the colony. it was significant in terms of political development
