Austria General/History Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
Where are vines grown in Austria?
A
Far east of the country around Vienna
2
Q
When was the first record of Trockenbeerenauslese in Austria?
A
1526, predating Spätlese in Germany by over 200 years.
3
Q
What happened in the 17th century to Austrian vineyard acreage?
A
- The 17th century war and taxes conspired to shrink production, and Austria would never again enjoy the breadth of vineyard acreage it amassed in the 1700s.
- Austrian vines, along with the rest of Europe’s vineyards, were challenged by the arrival of American fungal diseases (oidium, peronospera) and the root louse
4
Q
Name two reasons Austria gained commercial success after World War II.
A
A viticultural research institute at Klosterneuburg, built in 1860, began to focus attention on grape crossings and higher yields, and mechanization of the vineyards followed Dr. Lenz Moser’s development of the wire trellising system in the 1950s—a viticultural breakthrough with worldwide ramifications.
After WWII, Austria was the world’s third largest producer.
5
Q
What geographical feature separates Austria and Germany?
A
The Alps.
6
Q
What was the “antifreeze” scandal of 1985?
A
Austrian bottles tested positive for Diethylene glycol—a colorless, odorless, poisonous chemical, which gave a light wine some added texture. The “antifreeze” scandal of 1985 surfaced when one of the guilty parties tried to claim the chemical as a legitimate winery expense on his tax return. The press asserted that Austrians had diluted their wines with antifreeze. The association stuck and damaged the image of Austrian wines for years. Austria responded by drafting some of the strictest wine laws in Europe and quickly refocusing on quality.
7
Q
What is a weinbaugebiete?
What are weinbaugebiete of Austria?
Which two contain 90% of all country’s vineyards?
A
Major winemaking region in Austria. Similar to Anbaugebiete in Germany.
There are 4 major weinbaugebiete in Austria:
Niederösterreich
Wien (Vienna)
Burgenland
Styria (Steiermark)
8
Q
What is the most planted variety in Austria. What percentage of Austria’s acreage?
A
Grüner Veltliner. (also known as “GrüVe”) 30% of the total vineyard acreage of Austria.
9
Q
What are two synonyms for Chardonnay in Austria?
A
Morillon and Feinburgunder
10
Q
What is the most planted red grape in Austria? What is the second, third, and fourth most planted red grapes?
A
Zweigelt, a Blaufränkisch x St. Laurent crossing developed in Austria in 1922, leads red grapes in plantings, followed by:
Blaufränkisch
Blauer Portugieser(Austria’s workhorse red grape)
Blauburger (Blauer Portugieser x Blaufränkisch)
11
Q
What are three requirements for Qualitätswein?
A
- Sourced from a single Weinbaugebiete
- Must pass a tasting panel and chemical analysis, indicated by a State Control Number (Prüfnummer)
- inclusion of the red and white banderole on the bottle’s capsule
12
Q
What is the maximum harvest yield for all Austrian wines with vintage and/or variety on the label
A
67.5 hl/ha
13
Q
What are the 3 levels of quality in Austria?
A
Wein
Landwein
Qualitätswein
14
Q
How much of Austria wine is Qualitätswein?
What are the requirements for Qualitätswein?
A
- accounts for approximately two-thirds of Austria’s total production.
- must pass a tasting panel and chemical analysis, indicated by a State Control Number (Prüfnummer) and the inclusion of the red and white banderole on the bottle’s capsule.
15
Q
What are the requirements for Wein?
A
may carry a vintage date and a varietal on the label, but may not exhibit a more exclusive statement of origin than “Österreich”.
-a generic category that replaced Tafelwein in 2009.
16
Q
What are the requirements for Landwein?
What are the three broad geographic areas and what do they cover?
A
- Restricted to same 35 varietals as Qualitätswein, but are labeled with one of three broad geographic areas (Weinbauregionen):
- Weinland (covers areas of Niederösterreich, Wien and Burgenland)
- Steierland (corresponds to Steiermark)
- Bergland (includes around 500 ha of vineyard land scattered throughout the remainder of Austria’s mountainous countryside.)
17
Q
What are the three Weinbauregionen? What do they cover?
A
Broad geographic areas for Landwein production
Weinland-Weinland covers the areas defined as Niederösterreich, Wien and Burgenland
Steierland- corresponds to Steiermark,
Bergland- includes around 500 ha of vineyard land scattered throughout the remainder of Austria’s mountainous countryside.
-All three levels of quality share a maximum yield of 9,000 kg/ha (67.5 hl/ha) but minimum must weights increase with each level of quality.
18
Q
What is the difference in yield between Wein, Landwein, and Qualitätswein
A
All three levels of quality share a maximum yield of 9,000 kg/ha (67.5 hl/ha) but minimum must weights increase with each level of quality.
19
Q
How is Austrian Qualitätswein divided?
A
Subdivided into the categories of Prädikatswein and Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC).
20
Q
What is the minimum alcohol for Austrian Prädikatswein? What practices are prohibited for Austrian Prädikatswein?
A
5% is required for wines labeled by Prädikatswein.
winemakers are prohibited from practicing both chaptalization and the addition of Süssreserve
21
Q
In Austria, is Kabinett considered Qualitätswein or Prädikatswein?
A
As opposed to Germany, in Austria, Kabinett wines are considered a subset of Qualitätswein rather than a beginning rung on the ladder of Prädikatswein
**however, even at the Kabinett level winemakers are prohibited from practicing both chaptalization and the addition of Süssreserve.
22
Q
What additional categories are added to Austrian Prädikatswein, that are not in their German counterparts?
A
- Strohwein, a dried grape wine of at least Beerenauslese ripeness,
- Ausbruch, a sweet specialty of Rust in Neusiedlersee-Hügelland.
23
Q
Where is most of Austria’s sweet wine produced?
A
Around the lake of Neusiedlersee “NOISE-see-LER-see” in Burgenland
24
Q
What are the DACs of Austria? When were each established? (9)
A
—Weinviertel (2002) (Niederösterreich); only Grüner
—Mittelburgenland (2005) (Burgenland); dry red based on Blaufränkisch
—Traisental (2006) (Niederösterreich); Grüner/Riesling
—Kremstal (2007) (Niederösterreich); Gruner/Riesling
—Kamptal (2008) (Niederösterreich); Grüner/Riesling
—Leithaberg (2009) (Burgenland) “lite-HAR-berg”; white (Grüner Veltliner, Neuburger, Chardonnay, Weissburgunder (blends or varietal wines); Red: Blaufränkisch, plus max. 15% combined Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, and Zweigelt
—Eisenberg (2010) (Burgenland); dry red based on Blaufränkisch
—Neusiedlersee (2012) “NOISE-see-LER-see” (Burgenland); dry red based on min 60% Zweigelt
—Schilscherland (2017) (Steiermark); Rose (Schilcher) based on Blauer Wildbacher
—Rosalia (Burgenland) (2017); dry still red/rosé based on Blaufränkisch, Zweigelt
25
What method is most often used for Austrian Sekt?
Traditional method
26
What new legal category was created in 2016 in Austria?
Austrian Sekt with Protected Designation of Origin.
- Austrian Sekt Committee formed to bring international attention to high-quality Sekt in 2013.
- distinct from the “normal” Austrian Sekt)
27
What is the minimum pressure Austrian Sekt may be bottled at?
3.5 bars.
28
What are the three categories of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein?
When was this established?
What does “Hauersekt” mean?
```
—Klassik
—Reserve
—Grosse Reserve
*Est. 2016
—Grower wine- Tirage, disgorgement and expedition performed by the grape grower.
```
29
What are the requirements for Klassik Sekt?
—Grapes harvested in a single Austrian federal state
—Base wine fermentation and secondary fermentation conducted in Austria
—Area of origin on the label may not be more specific than the federal state in which the grapes were grown
—Not sold before October 22 of the year following the harvest
—Production Method: Any (tank, transfer, and traditional methods are allowed)
—Maximum Alcohol: 12.5%
—Lees Aging: Minimum 9 months
—Permitted Sweetness Levels: Any (all dosage levels/styles and colors may be produced)
30
What are the requirements for Reserve Sekt?
—Grapes harvested and whole-cluster pressed in a single Austrian state
—Area of origin may not be more specific than the federal state in which the grapes were grown
—Blending is not permitted for rosé wines
—Not sold before October 22 of the second year following the harvest
—Harvesting Method: Hand harvest only
—Maximum Press Yield: 60%
—Production Method: Traditional method only
—Lees Aging: Minimum 18 months
—Permitted Sweetness Levels: Brut, Extra Brut, Brut Nature
31
What are the requirements for Große Reserve (Grand Reserve) Sect? (10 requirements)
—Grapes harvested and whole-cluster pressed (in a basket or pneumatic press) in a single Austrian municipality
—Vineyard designation is permitted
—Blending is not permitted for rosé wines
—Not sold before October 22 of the third year following the harvest
—Harvesting Method: Hand harvest only
—Maximum Press Yield: 50%
—Production Method: Traditional method only
—Maximum Alcohol: None
—Lees Aging: Minimum 30 months
—Permitted Sweetness Levels: Brut, Extra Brut, Brut Nature
32
What is Hauersekt?
This indicates the wine is made by the grape grower, much like Récoltant Manipulant. May be added to a label on the Grosse Reserve level. Hauersekt must also list the village/vineyard, grape variety, and vintage.
**corresponds to the German Winzersekt
33
What does Geschützter Ursprung, geprüfte Qualität mean on a capsule?
“protected designation of origin and certified quality.”
-To differentiate Austrian Sekt with PDO from general Austrian Sekt, bottles must carry the official seal on the capsule stating this phrase.
34
What is the largest winegrowing region in Austria?
| What is the region also known as?
Niederösterreich, or Lower Austria (North), is the largest winegrowing region in the country and contains twice the planted vineyard area of the next leading Weinbaugebiete, Burgenland
35
What is the climate of Niederösterreich?
Continental climate, ushers in hot, dry summers and severe winters.
36
What are two geological features of Niederösterreich?
Pannonian Plain-former seabed of loess soils stretching from eastern Austria through Hungary.
Danube River (and its tributaries)- Most subzones are located along the path. (Weinviertel and Thermenregion provide the exceptions.) Also known as Donau.
37
What are the subzones of Niederösterreich? (8)
—Weinviertel (whole NE section of Austria)
—Carnuntum (south of Wien and Weinviertel, east of Thermenregion
—Traisental (west of Wagram, south of Kremstal and Wachau)
—Wagram (south of Weinviertel, west of Wien, east of Kremstal and Traisental)
—Kamptal (north of Kremstal, south of western sector of Weinviertel)
—Kremstal (east of Wachau, SE of Kamptal)
—Wachau (most westward)
—Thermenregion (south of Wien, west of Carnuntum; hottest and most southerly region of the Niederösterreich)
38
What is the first and largest DAC in Austria?
| What countries does it border?
Weinviertel est. 2002
Slovakia to the east and Czechia to the north
-The hills of Slovakia form a barrier between it and the warming influence of the Pannonian Plain to the southeast, so that its wines are Austria's freshest and lightest.
39
Authorized grapes and style of Weinviertel DAC.
```
Classic vs Reserve?
Alcohol?
Wood?
Max RS
Aging?
```
Must be produced by Grüner Veltliner
Classic GV: Min alc of 12% " fruity, spicy, peppery; no Botrytis note; no wood tone"
Reserve GV: Min 13% alcohol and "subtle botrytis and wood notes are acceptable"
Classic: 6 g/l
Reserve: "trocken" (9 g/l, provided total acidity is within 2 g/l of residual sugar)
—no aging requirements
40
Authorized grapes and style of Traisental, Kamptal, and Kremstal DAC.
Min Alc?
Min RS?
Use of wood?
Aging?
Wines may be produces by either Grüner Veltliner or Riesling, and may be labeled either Classic or Reserve.
3 DAC Classic styles:
- -Grüner shows a more delicate spice, rather than the pungent white pepper of Weinviertel.
- -Riesling "robust good body, stone fruit aromatics, minerally; no botrytis not; no wood tone."
DAC: 11.5% (Kremstal starts at 12% with/without indication of vineyard)
DAC with an indication of village: 12%
DAC with an indication of village and single vineyard: 12.5%
Reserve: 13% reserve levels allow for new barrique and hints of botrytis
-"trocken" (9 g/l, provided total acidity is within 2 g/l of residual sugar
- All DACs and DACs with indication of village: January 1 in the year following the harvest
- All DACs with indication of village and single vineyard: March 1 of the year following the harvest
- All DACs Reserve: July 1 in the year following the harvest
41
What DACs are located in Western Niederösterreich? Along what two rivers?
Kremstal and Kamptal along the Krems and Kamp Rivers (both tributaries of the Danube)
-Wachau is the westernmost subregion, but is not a DAC.
42
What important wine town is located in Kamptal?
Langenlois "LA-gen (hard g) loys (Like toys)"
43
Name three vineyards highly regarded in Kamptal
| Which grape do they primarily grow?
Heiligenstein (in village of Zöbing) grows Riesling
Lamm (in village of Kammern) grows GV
Dechant “DE-shant” (in village of Langenlois) grows GV
Others: Gaisberg for Riesling and Renner for GV
44
Define Ried
Indication of a top site.
-While Austrian single vineyard wines are labeled in the German fashion, with the village and vineyard name, many producers observe the old custom of replacing the village with the word Ried
45
What is the Österreichischen Traditionsweingüter?
| What regions are classified?
An association of producers founded in 1992.
- In 2010, 52 top sites throughout Kremstal, Kamptal, Wagram and Traisental were elevated to the status of Erste Lage.
- Wien, Carnuntum joined in designating vineyards in 2018.
Although the classification does not yet have legal status, the organization is closely aligning itself to the DAC concept.
46
What grapes are premitted to carry the Austrian Erste Lage logo?
Only Grüner Veltliner and Riesling
47
Where is the Wachau?
How much of the countries vineyards does it contain?
Westernmost subregion of Niederösterreich. A narrow band of steep slopes between Melk and Krems along the banks of the Danube.
-at only 3335 acres ( 1350 ha) it constitutes just 3% of Austria's vineyards.
48
What is the climate of Wachau?
What enables Wachau from retaining high natural acidity?
- Severe continental climate; Hot Pannonian summers reach their furthest west here, heating the Danube Valley as far as the eastern end of Wachau.
- the Danube river and the cool northern winds chill the summer nights significantly, acting as a natural heat regulator.
49
What is the soil of the Wachau?
loess “luss” and gföhler "ga-FOO-ler"(gneiss “nice”), with a proportion of alluvial sand in the lower vineyard sites near the river’s edge
50
What are the Wachau categories of classification? What do each translate to? What is the max alcohol and min must weight of each?
- Steinfeder (a local grass found in the vineyards) is the lightest style, with a minimum must weight of 15° KMW and a maximum alcohol of 11.5%. Made for early drinking.
- Federspiel (a falconer's tool) has a minimum must weight of 17° KMW and a final alcohol range of 11.5%-12.5%. good in its first five years.
- Smaragd (an emerald lizard who basks on the terraces) has a minimum alcohol of 12.5% and a minimum must weight of 19° KMW—the approximate equivalent of 95° Öechsle, or Spätlese ripeness. They repay with six or more years' aging.
- these wines must be dry, Smaragd wines can reach high alcohol levels, and show a high degree of extract. Inevitably they display tones of botrytis.
51
Name the trio of the finest estates in Wachau?
FX Pichler
Prager
Emmerich Knoll
52
What is Vinea Wachau?
When was it founded?
What is the Codex Wachau?
Organization founded in 1983, the Vinea Wachau members control more than 85% of the region’s vineyard acreage. Estates swear to uphold natural winemaking as spelled out in the Codex Wachau:
Origin: Vineau Wachau wines must be composed solely of grapes grown in Wachau and the wines must be bottled in Wachau.
No Additives: Chaptalization and any form of must concentrate are prohibited.
No Concentration: The natural composition of the wine or must cannot be altered (by means such as reverse osmosis, cryo-extraction, etc.).
No Aromatization: The natural aromatic qualities of the wine may not be altered (significantly, this precludes the use of barriques and wood chips).
No Fractionation: Spinning cone devices and similar means are prohibited.
No Manipulation of Nature: This is a broader renunciation of any "unnatural" practices, including a requirement that all harvests must be conducted by hand.
53
What was Wagram formerly known as?
Donauland prior to 2007.
54
Where is the Wagram?
Wagram follows the course of the Danube as it passes out of Vienna.
55
What grape is a specialty of Wagram?
Roter Veltliner, an unrelated red grape produced as a white wine.
56
What is produced in Thermenregion?
Most planted grape is Zweigelt (Blauer Portugieser right behind)
Rare white grapes Rotgipfler Rote-gip-fler" and Zierfandler "ZEER-fand-ler" are cultivated here, produced varietally or as the blended Spätrot-Rotgipfler.
57
What is the climate of Thermengregion?
Continental. Experiences the full force of the hot Pannoniam summers.
58
What does Carnuntum produce?
Where is it located?
What are the two best known villages?
Oriented toward easy drinking red wines, particularly Zweigelt. The climate is similar to that of sunny, neighboring Burgenland.
- Most planted grape is Zweigelt (with Grüner right behind)
- South of the Danube and the Marchfield plains of the southern Weinviertel.
- Göttlesbrunn and Höflein "HUFF-line"
59
What country does Burgenland border?
North of Hungary
-shares many viticultural and climactic traits with regions just across the border, such as Sopron.
60
What is the climate of Burgenland?
| What moderates Burgenland?
Hot continental, Pannonian climate in Burgenland is tempered by the cooling influence of Lake Neusiedlersee.
61
What does Neusiedlersee DAC produce? What are the regulations for Classic and Reserve?
Zweigelt
Classic: Zweigelt ("touch of an additional variety is acceptable" - Wines of Austria)
Reserve: Min. 60% Zweigelt; Max. 40% other indigenous red varieties
Classic: Min alc 12%- Wines may be released on March 1 of the year following the harvest.
Reserve: Min alc 13%- Wines may be released on March 1 of the second year following the harvest - (Wines of Austria seems to indicate via tasting notes that they must also be in wood)
Max RS 4 g/l
62
What are the 5 DACs of Burgenland? (N-S)
```
Neusiedlersee "NOISE-see-LER-see"
Leithaberg "lite-HAR-berg"
Rosalia
Mittelburgenland
Eisenberg
```
63
```
What does Mittelburgenland DAC produce? What are the regulations for Classic and Reserve?
Min Alcohol
Aging?
Oak usage?
Max RS?
Soil type?
```
Blaufränkisch
Classic: 12.5% min/13 maximum-Wines must be matured in stainless steel or used oak, and may not be released until August 1 of the year following the harvest.
Reserve: 13% min (no max) Wines must be matured in oak (used or new), and may not be released until March 1 of the second year following the harvest.
Max RS-2.5 g/l
Soil type: Deep clay
64
```
What was the first DAC to allow both red and white wines?
Varieties?
Min/max alcohol?
Aging?
Soils?
```
Leithaberg
-White wines may be blends or single varietals produced from Grüner Veltliner, Chardonnay, Neuburger, or Weissburgunder. -Red wines are comprised of a minimum 85% Blaufränkisch, with stipulations similar to those of Mittelburgenland on new wood.
—Min alcohol 12.5% to 13.5% for both:
—White: Wines may not be released until September 1 of the year following the harvest.
—Red: Wines must be aged in oak, and may not be released until September 1 of the second year after the harvest.
—Min RS-2.5 g/l
—gneiss, mica-slate, and limestone (Leithakalk)
**2008 was the first red vintage and 2009 was the first white vintage.
65
What DAC ONLY permits reserve bottlings?
Leithaberg
66
Describe Blaufränkisch
Name two synonyms.
Blaufränkisch typically generates wines of medium weight, with supple texture, deep color and spicy red and black fruit flavors.
Known in Germany as Lemberger and Hungary as Kékfrankos
67
What village and region is Alois Kracher's estate? What does the estate produce?
Village of Illmitz in Neusiedlersee.
- eiswein, BA and TBA bottlings are legendary.
- the TBA Scheurebe is among the grape’s finest expressions to date.
68
What is Ausbruch?
What is the process?
Where is it found?
What are the grapes used?
A traditional sweet wine dating to the 17th century similar to the process of Tokaji: botrytis-affected must is added to less concentrated must--from fruit harvested in the same vineyard-and the two are fermented together, then aged in barrel before release.
In the town of Rust on the shores of Neusiedlersee-Hügelland.
Traditionally used Furmint grapes, but modern Ruster Ausbruch is more often produced from Chardonnay, Muskateller, Pinot Blanc, Neuburger, Welschriesling, Traminer and Pinot Gris.
69
What is the scale used to measure must weight in Austria?
Klosterneuburger Mostwaage Scale
KMW
70
What are grapes destined for Ausbruch harvested at?
| What are grapes destined for Strohwein
Minimum 30° KMW (approximately 138° Öechsle)
Strohwein is 25° KMW
(1° KMW = 5° Oe; approximately)
70
Where is Styria?
Mountainous region to the south of Burgenland.
71
What is the most cultivated grape in Styria?
Welschriesling. Followed by Weissburgunder.
72
What are the 3 DACs of Styria?
—Südsteiermark DAC(greatest concentration of revered producers)
—Weststeiermark DAC- for a short time Schilcherland “SHE-sher-land” was elevated to DAC
—Vulkanland Steiermark DAC- also known as Südoststeiermark- “sood-OHST-stire-mark”
**simply put above is West, Central and South East Styria. They conform to the tiered system of quality-Reid Wein, Ortswein and Regional Wine. One small note unique to other DACs is that it sounds like all non-hybrid based wines are able to use the DAC as long as they can adhere to the tiers of quality and are produced within the delineated areas.
73
Who is the leading producer of Südsteiermark in Styria?
Other producers of note?
Manfred Tement (specializes in Sauvignon Blanc in both unoaked and barrique aged versions.)
Gross, Lackner-Tinnacher, Polz, Sattlerhof, and new comer Hannes Sabathi
74
What is Blauer Wildbacher? Where is it found?
Ancient red grape found in Weststeirmark of Styria. It is often vinified as Schilcher, a racy style of local rose.
-It can also be vinified as deeply colored red wines with gripping tannins as well as charming sparkling wines.
75
Where is Wein (Vienna)?
Lies on the Danube River is surrounded on three sides by the Niederösterreich subzones of Thermenregion, Carnuntum, Weinviertel, and Wagram.
76
What is Sturm?
Half-fermented, sparkling grape juice--usually accompanies harvest-time meals in Austria. Also known as Heuriger.
Referred to as Federweisser in Germany
77
What is Gemischter Satz?
Requirements?
What does Heurigen mean?
It the lone DAC in Wein:
Wines must be a blend of at least 3 white varieties. No single variety may compose more than 50% of the blend, and 3 varieties must make up at least 10% each.
- Wines with geographic indication "Wiener" may not show obvious wood tones and must be trocken in style.
- Single Vineyard wines may not be released prior to March 1 of the year following the harvest, and are not required to be trocken.
- Gemischter Satz is commonly produced by Viennese winemakers, as a heuriger, a nouveau wine consumed in its infancy in taverns of the same name.
- Heurigen=local inns run by wine producers.
**Gemischter Satz is still popular in Carnuntum, as well.
78
What is Austria's oldest wine estate?
| When and Who established the estate?
- Nikolaihof
- Est. 1075- established as a seat of the Saint Nikola monastery of Passau (Bavaria
- Direct link to the monks
80
Where in the Wachau do you find the region’s most pedigreed vines? (vineyard and village)
Two producers who make it?
Achleiten, in the village of Weissenkirchen.
- Slate and gneiss combine to give its wines a mineral signature.
- Prager, Rudi Pichler, Domaine Wachau
81
What is style found in Neusiedlersee DAC?
When was this DAC created?
Classic vs Reserve?
Est. 2012
Producing red wines based on the fruity and spicy Zeigelt.
Classic: Zweigelt (“touch of an additional variety is acceptable” Wines of Austria); 12% abv; March 1st the year following harvest
Reserve: Min 60% Zweigelt; Max. 40% other indegenous red varieties; 13% abv; March 1 of the second year following harvest (Wines of Austra seems to indicate via tasting notes that they must also be in wood)
82
What two subzones does Lake Neusiedlersee "NOISE-see-LER-see" divide?
Divides the subzones of Neusiedlersee and Neusiedlersee-Hügelland to the west (as of 2016 Neusiedlersee-Hügelland is no longer recognized as a wine growing region.)
83
What is Sturm?
A half-fermented, sparkling grape juice from Wien region of Austria—usually accompanies harvest-time meals.
84
DACs of Styria
Südsteiemark DAC (south Styria)
Vulkanland Steiermark DAC (central Styria)
Westeiermark DAC (south Syria)
****RECENTLY CHANGED 7.6.18 ON COMPENDIUM FROM:
Schilcherland DAC “SHE-sher-land”
- a racy rose produced from the ancient grape, Blauer Wildbacher.
- may be Klassic or a Ried bottling, if a single vineyard is listed
- first vintage will be 2018
85
What does Eisenberg DAC produce? What are the regulations for Classic and Reserve?
Blaufränkisch
Classic: 12% min- Wines must be matured in stainless steel or used oak, and may be released Sept 1 of the year following the harvest.
Reserve: 13% min- Wines must be matured in wood, and may not be released until March 1 of the second year following the harvest.
Max RS-4 g/l
86
Why are Austria's wines generally more potent that Germany's?
Due to Austria's fiercely continental climate.
87
In Wachau, where are Grüner Veltliner and Riesling planted?
Grüner Veltliner thrives on the lower banks in loess (wind blown) sandy soils
Riesling thrives on the highest and steepest sites, on less fertile gneiss and granite soils.
88
Major villages/vineyards of Wachau?
- -Spitz: Axpoint, Singerriedel, Offenberg, Setzberg, Bruck
- -Weißenkirchen: Achleiten, Klaus, Hinter der Burg, Hinter Seiber
- -Wösendorf: Kollmütz, Hochrain
- -Joching: Stein am Rain, Pichlpoint, Kollmitz, Postaller
- -Dürnstein: Hollerin, Kellerberg, Höhereck, Superin (in whose castel Richard the Lionheart was imprisoned, is the natural capital of the world and the scenic climax of the valley)
- -Unterloiben/Oberloiben: Loibenberg, Schütt, Mühlpoint, Klostersatz, Steinertal
- -Mautern: Silberbichl
89
Name two producers who are not part of the Vinea Wachau.
Veyder-Malberg and Pichler-Krutzler; prefer to operate independently, making one wine that they feel perfectly expresses each combination of grape, vineyard, and vintage without necessarily worshiping ripeness for its own sake.
90
Name the three Pichlers of the Wachau
Rudi Pichler
Pichler-Krutzler
F.X. Pichler
91
Kamptal 2012 Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage
Engabrunner: Stein
Kammern: Gaisberg, Grub, Lamm, Renner
Langenlois: Dechant, Käferberg, Kittmannsberg, Loiserberg, Schenkenbichl, Seeberg, Spiegel, Steinhaus, Steinmassl, Thal
Strass im Strassertal: Gaisberg, Ofenberg, Wechselberg Spiegel
Zöbing: Gaisberg, Kogelberg, Heiligenstein
92
Kremstal 2012 Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage
Angern: Gaisberg
Furth: Gottschelle, Oberfeld, Silberbichl
Gedersdorf: Mosburgerin, Spiegel, Steingraben, Vordernberg, Wieland
Hollenberg/Krems: Goldberg
Krems: Frechau, Gebling, Kapuzinerberg, Lindberg, Thurnerberg, Wachtberg
Oberfucha/Furth: Kirchensteig, Steinleithn
Palt: Steinbuhel
Rohrendorf: Breiter Rain, Gebling, Schnabel
Senftenberg: Ehrenfels, Hochäcker, Pellingen, Pfeningberg
Stein: Gaisberg, Grillenparz, Kögl, Pfaffenberg
Stratzing: Sunogeln
93
Traisental 2012 Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage
Getzersdorf: Berg
Inzersdorf-Getzersdorf: Rothenbart, Zwirch
Reichersdorf: Alte Setzen
94
What are the soils of Traisental?
Limestone and gravel
95
Key Producers of Kamptal (5)
Schloss Gobelsberg, Bründlmayer, Brandl, Hirsch, Hiedler
96
Key Producers of Kremstal (3)
Stadt Krems, Nigl, Salomon Undhof
97
Key Producers of Traisental (2)
Markus Huber, Ludwig Neumayer
98
What is Austria’s warmest wine region?
Mittelburgenland; landscape similar to the Medoc, but in Pannonian warmth.
99
What two wine producing countries border Austria to the south?
Slovenia and Italy
Hungary is more Southeast, but closer to wine growing regions.
100
List the following villages from west to east
Mautern
Weissenkirchen
Spitz
Dürnstein
West to east:
Spitz
Weissenkirchen
Dürnstein
Mautern
101
Which of these villages is NOT located on the left (southern) bank of the Danube?
Wösendorf
Joching
Oberarnsdorf
Unterloiben
Oberarnsdorf
102
What main climate zone is Carnuntum and Thermenregion located in?
Pannonian Area
103
Austria best and most challenging vintages of the last 10 years?
Best:
* **2015 hot dry summer relieved by timely rains in August, power and grace
* 2013 Overcame a wet harvest, small crop produced powerful and rich-tasting whites.
Challenging:
***2014 (plagued by rain, worst vintage in recent years)
2010 Cool, difficult growing season, yields below national average.
105
What is Vie Vinum?
Austria's grand bi-annual wine conference/trade show.
106
What are the three best vintages for Burgenland botrytis wines since 2000?
2005, 2010, 2015
107
What geographical features separates Austria and Germany?
The Alps
108
Who is the only biodynamic producer in the Wachau?
Nikolaihof
109
What is the lake of Rust? What makes it a unique contributor to botrytis?
Lake Neusiedlersee. The lake is extremely shallow, average depth of 1 meter, rarely going deeper than 2 meters. The summer heat warming the lake creates a unique humidity that makes for great botrytis
110
What vineyard site straddles the border between Wachau and Kremstal?
Name a producer who makes it?
```
Steiner Pfaffenberg (in Kremstal).
Emmerich Knoll and Rainer Wess
```
111
What is the Spitzer Graben?
How do the wines here differ from other parts of this same region?
The Spitzer Graben is a section of vineyards adjacent to the Danube known for having a wall-like presence, and is created by the Spitzer Bach (a tributary of the Danube). It is technically part of Viessling, but is widely associated with the area of Spitz.
Due to being on the cool side valley, wines tend to be leaner and more chiseled then the more richly textured and powerful wines to the east by Weissenkirchen/Durnstein/Unterloiben/Oberloiben
112
Gruner Veltliner is the offspring of which two grapes?
Traminer and St George
113
Which Austrian oenologist pioneered hochkultur training?
Explain the training method?
What did this influence?
Hochkultur or high culture (Low density system with high trunks 1.3M (4 feet) and wide rows 3.5m spacing (11.5 feet). Requires little labor and production costs. Canes grow out in a fan like shape, LOTS of shading in the fruit zone (which is why it’s been abandoned). Included development of Geneva Double Curtain system
114
Which DAC's produce only 1 grape varietal and what are the varietals?
Mittelburgenland DAC - Blaufrankisch
Eisenberg DAC - Blaufrankisch
Weinviertel DAC - Gruner
115
What is Bergwein?
| Where is this most common?
Wines made from slopes steeper than 26%.
| Styria and Wachau.
116
Which DACs of Austria is authorized for more than 3 grapes?
Leithaberg (GV, Neuberger, Chard, PB; Blaufrankish w/ PN, St. Laurent, Zweigelt)
Wiener Gemischter Satz: GV, Riesling, Weissburgunder, Rotgipfler, Neuburger, Traminer, Sylvaner, Chardonnay, Grauburgunder. Blend at least 3 white varieties, no single variety may compose more than 50% of blend.
Neusiedlersee DAC- Zweigelt must be the focus of the blend, varying amounts of other red grape varieties are accepted without restriction. Other local red varieties of importance: Blaufrankisch, St. Laurent, Pinot Noir
Carnuntum DAC- Grüner Veltliner, Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Zweigelt, Blaufränkisch
AND ALL THREE Steiermark regions:
- Südsteiermark DAC- Welschriesling, Pinot Blanc, Morillon (Chardonnay), Pinot Gris, Riesling, Muscat, Sauvignon blanc, Traminer
- Vulkanland Steiermark DAC- Welschriesling, Pinot Blanc, Morillon, Pinot Gris, Riesling, Muscat, Sauvignon blanc, Traminer
- Weststeiermark DAC- Blauer Wildbacher ( for Schilcher), Welschriesling, Weißburgunder, Morillon, Grauburgunder, Riesling, Gelber Muskateller, Sauvignon blanc, Traminer
117
What are the non-DAC styles of Rosalia?
- -Grande Rosalia: A wine defined by the Codex Rosalia as having a minimum of 13.5% abv, and a recognizable flavor of oak aging.
- -Rosolo & Rosolita: A wine made from the drying of hand harvested grapes. Rosolo is dry, and must be 15% abv, Rosolita is a sweet wine made using the same process.
118
Define Ortswein and Riedenwein
Ortswein - single-village wines
| Riedenwein - single-vineyard wines
119
Who producers the wine “Unendlich?”
FX Pichler's top-end cuvee, “F.X. Unendlich” (German for never-ending), first made in 1988. Each is a selection of the best grapes from different vineyards.
120
What is the STK? Do they grow Gruner Veltliner?
| What is their main grape?
Producer organization in Sudsteiermark and Vulkanland Steiermark. No GV. Top grape is Sauvignon Blanc
121
How would you explain to a guest the difference in the glass between Austrian TBA and Ruster Ausbruch?
Technically they are the same thing, but Ausbruch officially remains a trans-regional category of Austrian wine (stipulating botrytized grapes at a minimum must weight of 27 °kmw—equivalent to 139 °oechsle); in practice the term is widely used only in Rust, whose growers, as members of the Cercle Ruster Ausbruch, in 1991 set a lower limit of 30 °KMW. They further distinguished it from Trockenbeerenauslese as having finesse and effusive fruit rather than opulence and a target alcohol level of 12%. Ruster Ausbruch wines may be made from any of the many white grapes grown in Rust, notably Chardonnay, Muskateller, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Blanc, and Welschriesling, as well as occasionally (and memorably) from Furmint, or even Pinot Noir.
