Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

RUSVM Pharmacology > Autacoids > Flashcards

Autacoids Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

________ are chemical mediators that are synthesized and fusion in a localized tissue or area, and participate in the physiologic or pathophysiologic response to injury

A

Autacoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the groups of allergy drugs?

A

Antihistamines (H1)
Leukotiriene inhibitors
Janus kinase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two groups to the behavior modifying drugs fall into ?

A

Serotonin (5-HT) altering

Tricyclic antidepressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Histamine is synthesized form?

A

Dietary histidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is histamine stored int he body ?

A

Tissue - lung, skin, stomach

Cellular - mast cells and basophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are triggers for histamine release?

A

Immune-mediated (degraulation of mast cells/basophils)
Drug-induced (hypersensitivity )
Plant/animal stings
Physical injury (disrupt mast cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the histamine receptors

A

Type 1- Gq coupled
Type 2- Gs coupled

Type 3- presynaptic neuron
Type 4 - inflammatory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of reaction are type 1 histamine receptors involved in?

A

Gq coupled -> Ca and protein kinase C

Contraction of smooth muscle
Increase bronchial secretion
Inflammation

Relax vascular smooth muscle
Increase capillary permeability

Pruritus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of reaction are type 2 histamine receptors involved in?

A

Gas-coupled -> adenylyl cyclase -> increase cAMP

Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and increased gastric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are targets for antihistamine drugs?

A

Prevent release from mast cells

  • glucocorticoids
  • chromolyn sodium

Histamine antagonist
-catecholamines physiologically antagonize effects

Block histamine receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Type 1 receptor antagonist will have what effects?

A

Relax bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle

Inhibit vasodilation by histamine

Inhibit pruritus (local anesthesia and reduce sensation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a common side effect, especially by 1st generation, antihistamines?

A

Sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are Type 1 receptor antagonists administered and metabolized?

A

Orally - well distributed

Metabolized by P450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How are type 1 receptor antagonists excreted?

A

First gen -> kidney

Second gen -> feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the adverse effects of type 1 receptor antagonists?

A 
CNS depression 
Antimuscarinic signs (dry mouth and increased IOP)

Drug tolerance
Rarely hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the first gen type 1 receptor antagonists?

A

Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine
Trimeprazine
Ketotifen -ophthalmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the second gen type 1 receptor antagonists?

A

Loratadine (human, little info in vet patients)

Most well tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the primary use of type 2 receptor antagonists?

A

Treat/prevent gastric ulcers and gastritis associated with hyperacidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the H2 receptor antagonists?

Study These Flashcards
A

Cimetidine, famotidine, and ranitidine

20
Q

How do Janus-kinase inhibitors have an anti-pruritic effect ?

Study These Flashcards
A

JAK 1 and JAK 3
Inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines
Inhibit IL31-> neuronal sensation of itching

21
Q

What are adverse effects of oclacitinib?

Study These Flashcards
A

GI signs
Polydipsia
Lethargy

22
Q

Oclacitinib is a _____________ used to reduce pruritus

Study These Flashcards
A

Janus kinase inhibitor

23
Q

Leukotriene inhibitors reduce pruritus by? What drug is in this group?

Study These Flashcards
A

Inhibiting IL31

Zafirlukast

24
Q

What are the 4 drugs used to treat behavioural issues that we discussed?

Study These Flashcards
A

Clomipramine
Fluoxetine
Trazodone
Doxepin

25
Benzodiazepines work on the _______ receptor and have what behaviour modifying effect?
A2 Anxiolytics Adjunct therapy if issue is associated with anxiety
26
What is the major side effect to benzodiazepine when used as an anxiolytics?
Sedation
27
How doe TCA's modify behaviour
Tricyclics antidepressant | -> increase neurotransmitter level (serotonin and norepi) by preventing reuptake
28
What type of drug is clomipramine?
Tricyclics antidepressant
29
Cloipramien should not be used with ??
``` MAO inhibitors (selegiline) Aged cheeses (tyramine) ```
30
When is clomipramine contraindicated?
When anticholinergics are contraindicated Glaucoma Decreased GI motility Arrhythmia
31
How does a SSRI modify behaviour?
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor Prevent re-uptake of serotonin by the presynaptic neuron -> increase duration (increased level of serotonin)
32
Fluoxetine is what type of drug?
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor
33
How is fluoxetine administered?
Orally | Transdermal in cat (compounded)
34
What are adverse effects to using fluoxetine?
Seizure Lethargy Anorexia Aggression
35
What do I use to treat separation anxiety in canines?
Fluoxetine
36
What type of drug is trazodone?
Serotonin 2A Antagonist/Reuptake inhibitor (SARI)
37
What is the MOA of trazodone?
Antagonized a1 -> reduced BP Augment effect of SSRI-> increased serotonin -> decreased anxiety
38
I should not give Trazodone to patients receiving ________
MAO I (selegiline)
39
What are adverse effects of trazodone?
``` Sedation Ataxia Priapism Cardiac conduction disturbance Anxiety Aggression ```
40
What can I use to treat noise phobia in my dog?
Trazodone -> potentiate serotonin in CNS -> decrease anxiety
41
What type of drug is Doxepin?
TCA/Antihistamine (H1)
42
What is the MOA of Doxepin?
Inhibit norepi and serotonin reuptake (antidepressant)
43
Why may I choose Doxepin over clomipramine?
Clomipramine has noradrengeric and anticholinergics activity -> more cardiovascular effects Doxepin moderately inhibits norepi and serotonin -> less potential for cardiovascular effects
44
What behavior modifying drugs has been used to treat allergic dermatitis in canines?
Doxepin Antihistamine effect or CNS effect ?
45
What type of drug would I use to reduce urticaria, pruritus, or reduce the effect of anaphylaxis ?
Type 1 receptor antagonist Dipehyhydramine Hydroxyzine Trimeprazine Loratadine

RUSVM Pharmacology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions