Author Arguments II Flashcards
What is the main argument of Douek in Chapter 3 regarding apartheid counterinsurgency?
The apartheid state used covert violence during the democratic transition to weaken the ANC and maintain influence.
This illustrates a continuation of counterinsurgency logics rather than a clean break.
Define ‘counterinsurgency during negotiations’.
State violence to shape a post-apartheid order without losing elite control.
This concept highlights the strategic use of violence during political transitions.
What does NSMS stand for?
National Security Management System.
It remained active during South Africa’s transition to democracy.
What was the role of third force violence in South Africa’s transition?
To incite township conflict between ANC and IFP.
This tactic aimed to destabilize the ANC’s influence, and thereby secure better bargaining during negotiations.
What does Douek argue about MK’s activities during the transition?
MK remained militarily active and operated semi-autonomously, marginalized by both ANC leadership and the state.
This highlights the internal contradictions of the liberation movement.
What was the significance of the ‘shadow war’ described by Douek?
It included targeted killings and secret intelligence battles.
This aspect of MK’s operations was crucial for understanding its continued military presence.
How did UNITA’s strategy contribute to its survival according to Malaquias?
UNITA’s flexible insurgent strategy helped it survive, but its transformation into a semi-conventional army led to its downfall.
This illustrates the balance between adaptability and rigidity in insurgency.
What is the relationship between ethnic nationalism and UNITA?
Ethnic nationalism, particularly the Ovimbundu base, played a major role in UNITA’s strategy.
This highlights the importance of identity in insurgency movements.
What is the relationship between ethnic nationalism and UNITA?
Ethnic nationalism, particularly the Ovimbundu base, played a major role in UNITA’s strategy.
This highlights the importance of identity in insurgency movements.
What does Weinstein’s rebel governance theory suggest?
It distinguishes between resource-driven and activist rebel groups.
This theory is critical for understanding the strategic use of violence by groups like RENAMO.
What was RENAMO’s approach to violence according to Weinstein?
RENAMO used terror to compensate for weak local legitimacy.
This indicates that violence was a calculated means of shaping behavior.
What does Hultman argue about RENAMO’s strategy?
RENAMO aimed to inflict suffering to force the government to negotiate.
This reflects a strategic use of mass violence rather than irrational brutality.
What was the Steyn Report?
A landmark 1992 investigation into military intelligence abuses in South Africa.
This report highlights the extent of the apartheid state’s espionage efforts.
What does ‘neo-apartheid constitutionalism’ refer to?
The reproduction of anti-Black, bifurcated society through constitutional liberalism in post-apartheid South Africa.
This term underscores the persistence of structural racism under a new legal framework.
How does Gqola describe the relationship between race and rape?
Race was constructed through sexual violence under empire.
This highlights the intersection of race, gender, and violence.
What is Saul’s critique of liberal democracy in Africa?
He critiques it as a hollowing out of African liberation, calling for a return to popular, participatory democracy.
This emphasizes the need for genuine mass mobilization in post-colonial politics.
What does Bracking argue about development in Zimbabwe?
Development was weaponized by ZANU-PF to reward loyalty and punish dissent post-2000.
This reflects the politicization of governance in post-liberation states.
What does the term ‘reintegration’ refer to in the context of Namibia’s ex-combatants?
It denotes symbolic inclusion but not socioeconomic justice for veterans.
This reveals tensions in post-independence nationhood.
What is the significance of the Marikana incident according to Alexander?
Marikana was a structural massacre shaped by economic exploitation and state violence.
It serves as a key case study for understanding post-liberation violence.
What does Douek argue about post-transition violence?
The logic of counterinsurgency continued after 1994, with the ANC adapting apartheid security practices.
This highlights the continuity of state repression in the new democratic era.
What does Douek mean by ‘counterinsurgency as hegemony’?
It describes how coercion and consent are fused in governance.
This concept is crucial for understanding the migration of violence into democratic orders.
What local issues fuel the insurgency in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique?
Local grievances, marginalisation, and external jihadist support.
This highlights the complex factors contributing to contemporary violence.
How are elections in Mozambique characterized by Harrison?
Elections have become rituals of elite reproduction rather than genuine expressions of popular will.
This points to the superficial nature of political processes in post-independence states.
What does Weinstein say about the legacy of violence in post-war Mozambique?
Civilian-targeted violence creates long-term trauma and a lack of accountability prolongs conflict.
This emphasizes the difficulties in achieving peace and stability after conflict.
