Autoimmunity

Question 1

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 1

B cell mediated
IgG specific to acetylcholine receptors:
Damage to the cells is caused by the classical complement system

Or functionally block delivery of acetylcholine

Or activates cells, takes in receptor and degrades

Question 2

Graves disease

Answer 2

B cell mediated
antibodies that bind to TSH receptor on thyroid cells stimulates production of thyroid hormones
negative feedback from pituitary gland doesnt do anything

Question 3

Systematic lupus erythematosis

Answer 3

B cell hyper reactivity, presence of anti-DNA autoantibodies, immune complex deposition in kidney

Question 4

Lupoid rash

Answer 4

Damage to cells released DNA into the environment, lots of DNA with a small amount of antibodies
- Forms small complexes that aren’t properly removed

Rash caused by skin damage from the sun (UV damage) = lotta inflammation

Question 5

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 5

t cell mediated (CD4 and CD8)
T cells target insulin that is presented in the MHC of pancreatic beta cells who are expressing them as self
in inslet of pancreas

Question 6

TH1 cytokines and chemokines in DTH reaction

Answer 6

chemokines = macrophage recruitment to islet cells
IFN-y = activate macrophages, release of inflammatory mediators, TNF = tissue damage, IL-3 stimulate monocyte production

Question 7

Multiple sclerosis

Answer 7

CD4+ T cells recognise myelin antigens, drives inflammatory response