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Immune System > Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

What is autoimmunity?

A

Immune response against the host due to the loss of immunological tolerance of self-antigen(s)

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2
Q

What is autoimmune disease?

A

Disease caused by tissue damage or disturbed physiological responses due to an auto-immune response

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3
Q

What is the clincal pattern of autoimmune disease?

A

Can be organ specific- self antigens within one single organ

or non- organ specfic- wide distribution of self antigens

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4
Q

What are immune mechanisms of tissue damage?

A

Autoantibodies

Autoreactive T cells

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5
Q

What are some examples of autoantibodies mechanism of tissue damage?

A

Complement activation

Antibody-mediated cell cytoxicity

Neutrophil activation

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6
Q

What are some examples of autoreactive T cells mechanism of tissue damage?

A

Cytotoxic cells

Macrophages

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7
Q

What is the set of criteria for the diagnosis of an autoimmune disease?

A

Presence of autoantibodies/autoreactive t cells

levels of autoantibodies collerate with disease severity

Autoantibodies/ autoreactive T cells found at the site of tissue damage

Transfer of autoantibodies or autoreactive T cells to a healthy host induces the autoimmune disease

Clinical benefit provided by immunomodulatory therapy

Family history

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8
Q

What can transfer during pregnancy through the placenta?

A

IgG

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9
Q

Is detecting autoantibodies 100% accurate?

A

No

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10
Q

How does autoimmunity because autoimmune disease?

A

Breakdown of central tolerence

Breakdown of peripheral tolerence

Activation of autoreactive B cells

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11
Q

What triggers autoimmunity?

A

Affected siblings have increased risk

AIRE mutation

Autoimmune disease associated with MHC variants

Hormones, injections drugs

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12
Q

What autoimmune disorders can be infection-induced?

A

Rhematic fever

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Diabetes type 1

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13
Q

What autoimmune sydromes can be drug induced?

A

Myasthenis gravis

Pemphigus

Systemic lupus erthematosus

Haemolytic anaemia

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14
Q

What are some therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disease?

A

plasma exchange

Immunosuppresent drugs

Anti-inflamattory drugs

Replacement therapy surgery

Future- monoclonal antibodies

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15
Q

If your twin has an autoimmune disease how likely are you to and why?

A

35x

Not 100% due to environmental factors not just genetic

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Immune System (6 decks)

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