Autonomic Nervous system

Question 1

sympathetic portion releases NE and tends to

Answer 1

excite an organ

Question 2

parasympathetic proton releases _____ tends to ____ the same organ

Answer 2

acetylcholin
inhibit

Question 3

SNS cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons are in the

Answer 3

thoracic and lumbar regions of the SC

Question 4

SNS fibers leave the spinal cord and enter the sympathetic ganglion also known as the

Answer 4

paravertebral ganglion

Question 5

pathways of SNS

Answer 5

short pre-ganglionic; long postganglionic

Question 6

• SNS pre-ganglionic nt:
• Post ganglionic receptor:

Answer 6

• ACH
• nicotinic, Ach receptors

Question 7

• SNS post ganglionic neurotransmitter
• target tissue receptor

Answer 7

• NE
• Alpha or beta adrenergic receptor

Question 8

SNS increase

Answer 8

hr

Question 9

PSNS decrease

Answer 9

hr

Question 10

PSNS found in

Answer 10

brainstem, sacral spinal cord

Question 11

PSNS pathways

Answer 11

long pre ganglionic; short post ganglionic

Question 12

PSNS pre ganglionic and post ganglionic neurotransmitter

Answer 12

ACh

Question 13

PSNS post ganglionic receptor

Answer 13

Nicotonic Ach receptor

Question 14

PSNS target tissue receptor

Answer 14

muscarinic Ach receptor

Question 15

Axon ends in

Answer 15

varicosities

Question 16

NT synthesized in the

Answer 16

varicosities

Question 17

Concentration of the ______ influences the strength of the target tissue response

Answer 17

neurotransmitters

Question 18

What stops when NT is no longer present

Answer 18

target tissue

Question 19

how is the NT removed

Answer 19

• diffuses away
• reuptake of the NT
• metabolized by enzymes in the ECF
  (NE - monoamine oxidase, ACH- acetylcholinesterase)

Question 20

the receptors of the SNS are called

Answer 20

adrenergic receptors

Question 21

receptors of the PSNS are called

Answer 21

cholinergic receptors

Question 22

SNS receptors

Answer 22

• nicotinic receptors (Ach)
• alpha receptors (a1, a2)
• beta receptors (b1 NE, b2 E)

Question 23

PSNS receptors

Answer 23

• nicotinic receptors (Nn)
• muscarinic receptors (M1-M5)

Question 24

Epinephrine comes from

Answer 24

adrenal medulla

Question 25

NE comings from the

Answer 25

post ganglio fiber

Question 26

NE binds strongly

Answer 26

a1 and a2

Question 27

E binds strongly to

Answer 27

b2

Question 28

PSNS - Ach binds to both

Answer 28

nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 29

Sympathetic B1 and B2 effects on the heart

Answer 29

increase HR - increase contractility

Question 30

PSNS M2 effect on the heart

Answer 30

- decrease HR - slight decrease in contractility

Question 31

SNS B2 effect on coronary arteries

Answer 31

vasodilator

Question 32

SNS a1 and a2 effects on coronary arteries

Answer 32

vasoconstrict

Question 33

PSNS M2 on coronary effects

Answer 33

vasodilate

Question 34

a1 and a2 on small arteries and arterioles effect

Answer 34

vasoconstriction in skin and viscera

Question 35

B2 on small arteries and arterioles

Answer 35

vasodilation in skeletal muscles and liver

Question 36

a1 and a2 effects on veins

Answer 36

stiffening of the vein

Question 37

A1 and a2 effect on adrenal medulla

Answer 37

release of NE and E

Question 38

Regulation of HR by PSNS via and effect

Answer 38

- vagus nerve - slows HR by inhibiting SA and AV node - decrease contractility of the myocardium indirectly by inhibiting SNS

Question 39

regulation of HR SNS via and effect

Answer 39

- cardiac accelerator nerves - increase HR by stimulating SA and AV node - increases contractility of the myocardium directly

Question 40

cardiovascular control center is in the

Answer 40

medulla oblagonta

Question 41

cardiac acceleration

Answer 41

sns

Question 42

cardiac inhibitory center

Answer 42

psns

Question 43

vagal stimulation only goes to the

Answer 43

heart

Question 44

sympathetic stimulation goes to the

Answer 44

heart and blood vessels

Question 45

NTS

Answer 45

nucleus tractus solitarius

Question 46

HR is under what control

Answer 46

antagonistic control

Question 47

what happens to AP of the SA node that is under SNS activation

Answer 47

the resting membrane potential is higher

Question 48

what causes resting membrane potential to be higher?

Answer 48

increase of sodium and calcium influx leading to increase rate of the depolirzatino and increase HR

Question 49

vagus nerve -->

Answer 49

aortic baroreceptors

Question 50

Glossopharyngeal nerve -->

Answer 50

carotid sinus/body

Question 51

SNS response to a decrease in blood pressure - effects on - sa node -myocardium - arteries - veins

Answer 51

- increase HR - HR contractile - arteries - vasoconstriction - stiffen

Question 52

adrenergic stimulation of blood vessels

Answer 52

- vascular smooth muscle is under tonic control by the SNSN - increased firing rate vessel constricts - decreased firing rate - vessel dilates

Question 53

a1 adrenergic stimulation causes

Answer 53

vasoconstriction

Question 54

b2 adrenergic stimulation vauses

Answer 54

vasodilation