Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Question 1

raises eyebrows

Answer 1

epicranius

Question 2

elevates/ retracts mandible

Answer 2

temporalis

Question 3

closes eyelid

Answer 3

orbicularis oculi

Question 4

closes lips

Answer 4

orbicularis oris

Question 5

elevates mandible

Answer 5

masseter

Question 6

protrude lower lip (pout)

Answer 6

mentalis (remember the mental foramen?)

Question 7

compress cheek (whistle, suck)

Answer 7

buccinator

Question 8

move corners of lips laterally

Answer 8

risorius

Question 9

tenses skin of neck

Answer 9

platysma

Question 10

flexes/laterally rotates head

Answer 10

sternocleidomastoid

Question 11

extends/hyperextends head, antagonist to sternocleidomastoid

Answer 11

splenius

Question 12

elevates, depresses, rotates, retracts, stabilizes scapula

Answer 12

trapezius

Question 13

What is the one motion the trapezius does not perform for the scapula?

Answer 13

protraction

Question 14

prime mover arm flexion, medially rotates arm, abducts arm

Answer 14

pectoralis major

Question 15

depress, protract scapula

Answer 15

pectoralis minor

Question 16

prime mover protraction of scapula, rotates scapula

Answer 16

serratus

Question 17

depress ribcage (exhalation)

Answer 17

internal intercostals

Question 18

elevates ribcage (inhalation, inspiration)

Answer 18

external intercostals

Question 19

prime mover for inspiration

Answer 19

diaphragm

Question 20

flex, rotate lumbar region

Answer 20

rectus abdominus

Question 21

compresses abdomen

Answer 21

transversus abdominus

Question 22

compress abdomen, lateral flexion of trunk, flexion of vertebral column, rotate trunk

Answer 22

external obliques

Question 23

compress abdomen, lateral flexion of trunk, flexion of vertebral column, rotate trunk

Answer 23

internal obliques

Question 24

prime mover arm extension (opposite of pecs), arm adduction (also opposite of pec abduction), medially rotates arm

Answer 24

latissimus dorsi

Question 25

primer mover back extension

Answer 25

spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Question 26

elevates, adducts scapulae

Answer 26

levator scapulae (like Elevator)

Question 27

initiates abduction of arm

Answer 27

supraspinatus

Question 28

rotates humerus laterally

Answer 28

infraspinatus

Question 29

adducts humerus, medially rotates humerus

Answer 29

teres major

Question 30

stabilizes scapula

Answer 30

rhomboid major

Question 31

elevate scapula

Answer 31

trapezius + levator scapulae

Question 32

depress scapula

Answer 32

trapezius + pectoralis minor

Question 33

retract scapula

Answer 33

rhomboids

Question 34

protract scapula

Answer 34

serratus + pectoralis minor

Question 35

What are the four muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 35

supraspinatus (weak abductor) infraspinatus (laterally rotate arm) teres minor (laterally rotate arm) subscapularis (medially rotate arm)

Question 36

extend, adduct, medially rotate humerus

Answer 36

teres major

Question 37

prime mover of arm flexion, medially rotate arm, arm adduction

Answer 37

pectoralis major

Question 38

prime mover of arm extension, arm adduction, medially rotate arm

Answer 38

latissimus dorsi

Question 39

prime mover of arm abduction

Answer 39

deltoid

Question 40

forearm flexion

Answer 40

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Question 41

forearm extension

Answer 41

triceps brachii

Question 42

synergist to triceps in extension

Answer 42

anconeus

Question 43

forearm pronation

Answer 43

pronator teres

Question 44

prime mover forearm pronation

Answer 44

pronator quadratus

Question 45

forearm supination

Answer 45

supinator

Question 46

prime mover of thigh flexion

Answer 46

iliopsoas

Question 47

gluteus maximus

Answer 47

thigh extension

Question 48

gluteus medius

Answer 48

abduct, medially rotate thigh

Question 49

gluteus minimus

Answer 49

abduct, medially rotate thigh

Question 50

What is the nickname for the muscles in the medial compartment of the leg?

Answer 50

the adductors, magnus, longus, brevis, pectineus, gracilis adduct (duh), medially rotate, flex thigh

Question 51

What is the nickname for the muscles in the posterior compartment?

Answer 51

The hamstrings, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris thigh extension, knee flexion

Question 52

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?

Answer 52

tensor fascia latae (abducts thigh), quadriceps femoris (four muscles that extend knee) sartorius (flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh)

Question 53

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 53

splenius

Question 54

infraspinatus/teres major

Answer 54

subscapularis

Question 55

biceps brachii/brachialis

Answer 55

triceps brachii

Question 56

tensor fascia latae

Answer 56

adductor longus, adductor magnus, adductor brevis, pectineus

Question 57

hamstrings

Answer 57

quadriceps

Question 58

torticollis - wryneck

Answer 58

chronic rotation/tilting of head to one side, injury of sternocleidomastoid

Question 59

What are the four muscles that make up the quadriceps?

Answer 59

rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius