Axilla and Brachial Plexus

Question 1

Anterior boundary of the axilla

Answer 1

pectoralis major and minor

Question 2

Posterior border of the axilla

Answer 2

scapula, latissimus dorsi, teres major

Question 3

Medial boundary of the axilla

Answer 3

ribs 1-4 and intercostal spaces

Question 4

Lateral border of the axilla

Answer 4

intertubercular groove of the humerus

Question 5

Base of the axilla

Answer 5

skin and fascia of arm

Question 6

Apex of axilla

Answer 6

convergence of clavicle, scapula and rib 1

Question 7

Contents of Axilla

Answer 7

Axillary Artery
Axillary Vein
Lymphatics
Brachial Plexus

Question 8

Where does the axillary artery come from?

Answer 8

Aorta-> brachiocephalic trunk->subclavian artery-> becomes axillary artery

Question 9

Where does the axillary artery begin? Where does it end?

Answer 9

it begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib and ends at the inferior border of teres major, then the axillary artery is continuous with the brachial artery

Question 10

Where is part 1 of the axillary artery located?

Answer 10

between the lateral border of the first rib and the medial border of pectoralis minor

Question 11

Where is the second part of the axillary artery?

Answer 11

posterior to pectoralis minor

Question 12

where is the third part of the axillary artery?

Answer 12

it extends from the lateral border of pec minor to the inferior border of teres major

Question 13

What is the 1st branch of the axillary artery?

Answer 13

superior thoracic artery

Question 14

what are the second branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 14

Thoracoacromial trunk

Lateral thoracic arteries

Question 15

What are the third branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 15

Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex
Posterior humeral circumflex

Question 16

Where is the axillary vein formed?

Answer 16

at the inferior border of the teres major muscle by the union of the
brachial veins and
the basilic vein

Question 17

What does the Brachial plexus innervate?

Answer 17

the entire upper extremity

Question 18

what forms the brachial plexus?

Answer 18

ventral rami of spinal nerves,  
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

Question 19

anterior and posterior roots form a

Answer 19

mixed spinal nerve

Question 20

what does each spinal nerve innervate?

Answer 20

a segment of skin and a specific muscle

Question 21

What does each spinal nerve give rise to?

Answer 21

anterior and posterior RAMI

Question 22

Where does the dorsal ramus go?

Answer 22

to deep back muscles/skin

Question 23

Where does the Ventral ramus go?

Answer 23

to trunk/limbs

Question 24

which rami form the brachial plexus?

Answer 24

C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

Question 25

What are the roots of brachial plexus?

Answer 25

the ventral rami of the spinal cord

Question 26

What are the trunks of the brachial plexus?

Answer 26

``` Comination of roots forms the Superior Middle Inferior trunks ```

Question 27

What are the divisions of the brachial plexus?

Answer 27

Each trunk divides into anterior posterior divisions

Question 28

What are the Terminal Branches of the brachial plexus?

Answer 28

``` Two nerves from each cord Musculocutaneous Median (from 2 cords) Ulnar Radial Axillary ```

Question 29

Where do Supraclavicular branches come off of?

Answer 29

Roots or Trunks

Question 30

Level of Dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 30

C5

Question 31

Level of Long thoracic nerve?

Answer 31

C5-7

Question 32

Level of suprascapular nerve?

Answer 32

C5 and C6

Question 33

Nerve to Subclavius level?

Answer 33

C5 C6

Question 34

Where do infraclavicular branches come off of?

Answer 34

Cords

Question 35

What infraclavicular branch comes from the LATERAL cord?

Answer 35

Lateral pectoral nerve

Question 36

What Infraclavicular branches comes off of the MEDIAL cord?

Answer 36

Medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous nerve | medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 37

What Infraclavicular branches come off of the POSTERIOR cord?

Answer 37

Upper subscapular nerve Lower subscapular nerve Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 38

What does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

Answer 38

serratus anterior

Question 39

what does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?

Answer 39

rhomboid major rhomboid minor levator scapulae

Question 40

what does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

Answer 40

supraspinatus | infraspinatus

Question 41

What does the nerve to subclavius innervate?

Answer 41

subclavius

Question 42

what does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?

Answer 42

pec major

Question 43

What does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?

Answer 43

pec major and minor

Question 44

what does the Upper Subscapular nerve innervate?

Answer 44

subscapularis

Question 45

what does the lower subscapular nerve innervate?

Answer 45

subscapularis and teres major

Question 46

what does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate

Answer 46

latissmus dorsi

Question 47

What does the terminal axillary branch innervate?

Answer 47

deltoid and teres minor

Question 48

what does the terminal Musculocutaneous branch innervate?

Answer 48

biceps brachii brachialis coracobrachialis

Question 49

What do the Median nerves and branches innervate?

Answer 49

Most muscles in anterior FOREARM | Lumbricles 1 and 2, and thenar intrinsic muscles of the HAND

Question 50

what does the Ulnar nerve inervate?

Answer 50

muscles of anterior forearm and HAND Flexor carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Profundus of forearm and ALL REMAINING INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND

Question 51

What do the Radial nerves and branches innervate?

Answer 51

All POSTERIOR compartment muscles of arm and forearm, NO MUSCLES IN HAND