B: Cells and Systems, section 2: microscopes and cells

Question 1

What does the eyepiece of a microscope do?

Answer 1

Contains the lens that magnifies. Usually the magnification from this lens is 10x.

Question 2

What does the coarse adjustment knob do?

Answer 2

Moves the stage up or down to focus the object to produce a flat sharp image.

Question 3

What does the fine adjustment knob do?

Answer 3

Brings the object into sharper focus

Question 4

What does the revolving nosepiece do?

Answer 4

Holds the three objective lenses

Question 5

What do the objective lenses do?

Answer 5

Provides different strength of magnification

Question 6

What does the stage do?

Answer 6

Supports the slide that holds the object you want to view.

Question 7

What do the stage clips do?

Answer 7

Hold the slide firmly on the stage

Question 8

What does the diaphragm do?

Answer 8

Has different sizes holes that let different amounts of light pass through the object

Question 9

What does the lamp do?

Answer 9

Supplies the light that passes through the object you’re viewing

Question 10

What does the arm do?

Answer 10

Allows you to carry the microscope securely

Question 11

What does the base do?

Answer 11

Serves as a foundation for the rest of the microscope

Question 12

What factors affect your ability to see the internal parts of cells?

Answer 12

The type of microscope
The power of the lenses
The quality of the prepared slides

Question 13

What are organelles?

Answer 13

Specialized structures that carry out specific functions

Question 14

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 14

A command center that directs all the organelles

Question 15

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 15

Converts nutrients into energy

Question 16

What is the function of the cells membrane?

Answer 16

Let’s materials in and waste out

Question 17

What are the functions of the vacuoles?

Answer 17

Store nutrients and water

Question 18

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 18

Contains nutrients required to carry out life proses

Question 19

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 19

It provides strength and support to plants

Question 20

What are the functions of the chloroplasts?

Answer 20

Convert the Suns energy into food

Question 21

What are the functions of the ribosomes?

Answer 21

Make proteins

Question 22

What is the function of the lysosomes?

Answer 22

Destroy waste

Question 23

What does multicellular mean?

Answer 23

They are made up of two or more cells

Question 24

What does unicellular mean?

Answer 24

They are made up of only a single cell

Question 25

Do you think that multicellular organisms are more advanced than unicellular organisms?

Answer 25

No, because unicellular can do everything a multicellular organism can do. Multicellular organisms depend on specialized cells to function.

Question 26

What cell uses pseudopods?

Answer 26

Amoeba

Question 27

How does amoeba capture food?

Answer 27

They use their pseudopods to surround it

Question 28

How do paramecium move?

Answer 28

They use hair like structures as oars

Question 29

How does paramecium eat?

Answer 29

It uses its cilia to sweep food into its oral groove

Question 30

What is diffusion?

Answer 30

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 31

How is a cell membrane selectively permeable?

Answer 31

It has small holes to let certain things in but small enough to keep the organelles and cytoplasm from coming out.

Question 32

What is osmosis?

Answer 32

The diffusion of water particles of a selectively permeable membrane

Question 33

What does a microscope do?

Answer 33

A microscope magnifies the images of small objects.

Question 34

Why do cells reproduce?

Answer 34

To replace the ones that die every day and to repair damaged ones

Question 35

What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 35

To carry oxygen to all the cells of the body

Question 36

How do red blood cells reproduce?

Answer 36

When they get big enough they lose their nucleus. Without their nucleus they can't reproduce. So they rely on specialized tissue to make them. It's called marrow

Question 37

What are the four different tissue types?

Answer 37

Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, | Muscle tissue.

Question 38

What is the function of connective tissue?

Answer 38

Supports and connects different parts of the body. Blood is a connective tissue and so are fat, cartilage, bones, and tendons.

Question 39

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 39

Covers the surface of your body and the outside of your organs. It also lines your intestine.

Question 40

Nervous tissue

Answer 40

Makes up the brain and the spinal cord

Question 41

What does the muscle tissue do?

Answer 41

Allow you to move. One type of muscle allows your move your body. Cardiac muscle tissue pumps blood through your heart and smooth muscle moves food along your intestine

Question 42

What types of tissues do plants have?

Answer 42

Photosynthetic/ storages, protective, and transport.

Question 43

What does protective tissue do?

Answer 43

Waterproof layer | Protects plant

Question 44

What does photosynthetic tissue do?

Answer 44

Uses sunlight to produce sugar that the plant uses for energy

Question 45

What does transport tissues do?

Answer 45

Tube like cells with hollow center Phloem transports food Xylem transports water

Question 46

What does phloem do?

Answer 46

Transports food

Question 47

What does xylem do?

Answer 47

Transports water