B11-Hormones

Question 1

How does the endocrine system being about a change in our internal environment?

Answer 1

Glands release hormones into bloodstream, which then travels to the target organ to produce an effect

Question 2

What are hormones

Answer 2

Chemical messengers released by glands into the bloodstream and carried to a target organ

Question 3

Name the ‘master gland’ and what it does

Answer 3

Pituitary gland secretes a variety of hormones

Question 4

What does ADH do?

Answer 4

Affects the amount of urine produced by the kidney

Question 5

State one difference between the effects of hormones compared to the nervous system

Answer 5

Hormonal effects are slower/last longer

Question 6

Name the hormone that decreases blood glucose level

Answer 6

Insulin

Question 7

Name the hormone that increases blood glucose level

Answer 7

Glucagon

Question 8

Name the organ that produces hormones to control blood glucose level

Answer 8

Pancreas

Question 9

State an effect of insulin

Answer 9

Increase glucose uptake by cells/more respiration/convert glucose to glycogen to store in liver and muscles/convert glucose to fat for storage

Question 10

State an effect of glucagon

Answer 10

Convert glycogen to glucose/make glucose from amino acids or fat

Question 11

What is glycogen?

Answer 11

Complex/storage carbohydrate made up of glucose in liver and muscles

Question 12

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 12

Condition where pancreas doesn’t make enough/any insulin

Question 13

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

Condition where body cells stop responding to insulin properly

Question 14

Name one symptom of diabetes

Answer 14

Excess urine/feeling thirsty/lack of energy/lose weight/fatigue

Question 15

Name a risk factor for type 2 diabetes

Answer 15

Lack of exercise/sugary diet/obesity

Question 16

Name a treatment for type 1 diabetes but not type 2 diabetes

Answer 16

Insulin injection

Question 17

Name a method to cure type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

Pancreas or pancreatic cell transplant

Question 18

Name 1 treatment for type 2 diabetes

Answer 18

Carbohydrate-controlled diet/lose weight/regular exercise/medicine

Question 19

Which organ produces thyroxine?

Answer 19

Thyroid gland

Question 20

What is the effect of thyroxine?

Answer 20

Controls metabolic rate

Question 21

What does TSH do and stand for?

Answer 21

Thyroid stimulating hormone-secreted by the pituitary gland and controls the production of thyroxine

Question 22

State one effect of adrenaline

Answer 22

Increase heart rate/breathing rate/increase glycogen conversion to glucose/pupils dilate/increase mental awareness/more blood flow to muscles

Question 23

The level of adrenaline is controlled by a negative feedback system-true or false?

Answer 23

False-it’s controlled by…

Question 24

Under what sort of situation would adrenaline be released?

Answer 24

In reaction to fear or stress

Question 25

Name the main female reproductive hormone

Answer 25

Oestrogen

Question 26

What is ovulation?

Answer 26

The process where a matured egg is released from the ovaries

Question 27

What does FSH do?

Answer 27

Follicle stimulating hormone-causes egg maturation in the ovaries

Question 28

What does LH do?

Answer 28

Luteinising hormone-stimulates ovulation

Question 29

What does oestrogen do?

Answer 29

Hormone that stimulates the build up of the uterus lining

Question 30

What does progesterone do?

Answer 30

Hormone that maintains the uterus lining

Question 31

Name the main male reproductive hormone

Answer 31

Testosterone

Question 32

State the average length of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 32

28 days

Question 33

Which 2 female hormones does the pituitary gland secretes during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 33

FSH and LH

Question 34

Which 2 female hormones does the ovaries release during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 34

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 35

Which hormone stimulates the release of oestrogen?

Answer 35

FSH

Question 36

Which hormone inhibits the release of FSH?

Answer 36

Oestrogen

Question 37

Which hormone stimulates the release of LH?

Answer 37

Oestrogen

Question 38

Which hormone inihbits the release of oth FSH and LH?

Answer 38

Progesterone

Question 39

Which hormones are used as contraceptive pills?

Answer 39

Oestrogen and progresterone

Question 40

Name a chemical method of contraception

Answer 40

Spermicides

Question 41

Name a barrier method of contraception

Answer 41

Condom/diaphragm

Question 42

Which 2 hormones are issued as fertility drug in IVF treatments?

Answer 42

FSH and LH

Question 43

Where does fertilisation occur in IVF treatment?

Answer 43

In a Petri dish

Question 44

Define phototropism

Answer 44

The reponse of a plant to light

Question 45

Define gravitropism

Answer 45

The reponse of a plant to gravity

Question 46

What are auxins?

Answer 46

A plant hormone that controls photo and gravitropism

Question 47

How do auxins respond to one-sided light on a young shoot?

Answer 47

Auxins move to the unlit slide(causing quicker growth) so the shoot bends towards the light

Question 48

How do auxins repond to a yougn root placed sideways?

Answer 48

Auxins move to the lower side of the root

Question 49

What is the effect of a high level of auxin on shoot growth?

Answer 49

Auxins promote shoot growth

Question 50

What is the effect of a high level of auxin on root growth?

Answer 50

Auxins inhibit root growth

Question 51

Name one use of auxins in agriculture and horticulture

Answer 51

Weed killers/rooting powders/tissue culture

Question 52

Name one use of ethene in agriculture

Answer 52

Control fruit ripening

Question 53

Name one use of gibberellins in agriculture

Answer 53

Increase fruit size/stimulate germination/promote flowering