B12-Homeostasis

Question 1

Name the part of the brain that controls your core body temperature

Answer 1

Thermoregulartory centre in hypothalamus

Question 2

What is vasodilation?

Answer 2

The action where surface skin capillaries dilate to allow more blood flow to the surface

Question 3

State 3 responses of the body to high temperature

Answer 3

Sweating, vasodilation, hair lies flat

Question 4

State 3 responses of the body to low body temperature

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction, less sweating, shivering

Question 5

How does shivering help increase our body temperature?

Answer 5

Contractions requires energy from respiration(exothermic)

Question 6

Name the 2 main poisonous waste products in our body

Answer 6

CO2 and urea

Question 7

How does high CO2 level affect the body?

Answer 7

Dissolved CO2 makes acidic solutions which leads to denatured enzymes

Question 8

How is CO2 removed from the cells and out of the body?

Answer 8

Transported to alveoli leads to it being exhaled into the environment

Question 9

How is urea produced?

Answer 9

Breakdown of excess amino acids

Question 10

Name the organ that removes urea from the body

Answer 10

Kidney

Question 11

What is deamination?

Answer 11

The process which removes the amine group from the amino acids

Question 12

What is ammonia?

Answer 12

The product formed from deamination of excess amino acids before it’s converted into urea

Question 13

Name the organ that breaks down excess amino acids

Answer 13

Liver

Question 14

Name 4 substances that are filtered out of the blood into the kidney

Answer 14

GLucose, mineral ions, urea, water

Question 15

Why can’t blood cells and proteins leave the blood to enter the kidney?

Answer 15

Too big to pass through the vessel wall

Question 16

How is glucose reabsorbed back into the blood from the kidney?

Answer 16

Diffusion+active transport

Question 17

What is selective reabsorption

Answer 17

The process in which the kidney reabsorbs certain useful substances back into the kidney

Question 18

What does ADH do?

Answer 18

The hormone that regulates the amount of water reabsorbed back into the blood from the kidney

Question 19

Which hormone secrets ADH?

Answer 19

Pituitary gland

Question 20

If there’s an increase in ADH release what happens to the amount of water reabsorbed?

Answer 20

It increases

Question 21

Describe the volume and conc of urine produced if there’s little ADH release

Answer 21

High volume, low conc

Question 22

Name 2 treatments of kidney failure

Answer 22

Dialysis, kidney transplant

Question 23

What is dialysis?

Answer 23

A process where the machine acts as an artificial kidney-it filters the blood and restores normal urea/water/ion levels

Question 24

What does the dialysis fluid?

Answer 24

Prevents the loss of useful substances from the blood

Question 25

What should be the conc of glucose and mineral ions of the dialysis fluid be like?

Answer 25

Same as a healthy person's blood

Question 26

What is the concentration of urea in the dialysis fluid?

Answer 26

0/none

Question 27

State one disadvantage of dialysis

Answer 27

Carefully controlled diet, long periods of time connected to the machine(poor quality of life/inconvenient)

Question 28

State a problem in kidney transplant

Answer 28

Rejection/lack of donor kidney

Question 29

State a component on a donor kidney that causes rejection problems

Answer 29

Foreign antigen on donor kidney

Question 30

Name the component of the patient's body that may attack the donor kidney

Answer 30

Antibodies

Question 31

State a method that reduces the risk of rejection

Answer 31

Use close relative's kidney for similar antigens/immunosuppresant drugs

Question 32

Name the type of drugs that is prescribed to a patient with a new organ

Answer 32

Immunosuppresant drugs

Question 33

State a disadvantage of taking immunosuppresant drugs

Answer 33

Weakened immune system means harder to defend self against diseases effectively