B13.5-6 Protein Synthesis And Gene Expression & Mutation

Question 1

What is protein synthesis ?
Where does this occur ?

Answer 1

How a gene is translated into a protein
Occurs in the cytoplasm using ribosomes

Question 2

What are the 5 steps in protein synthesis ?

Answer 2

1. DNA strand Un- Zips
2. Base sequence is copied to a strand of MRNA which can leave the nucleus
3. MRNA attaches a ribosome
4. TRNA brings a single amino acid per 3 base pairs (codon)
5. A chain of amino acids forms a protein

Question 3

What is a mutation ?

Answer 3

-A change to a base in a Gene
-Could be structurally different meaning different amino acid
-Functionally different some being good and others bad but most are random and have little effect