B1.5 plants and photosynthesis

Question 1

what is glucose in plants transformed into

Answer 1

starch for storage
cellulose to make cell walls
proteins for growth
fats and oils for storage

Question 2

3 needed for photosynthesis conditions

Answer 2

sunlight - dark room
chlorophyll - green v white
enzymes (suitable temp)

Question 3

is photosynthesis a reaction controlled by enzymes

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

factors which AFFECT THE RATE of photosynthesis (limiting factors)

Answer 4

light INTENSITY
co2 concentration
temperature

Question 5

use of sodium hydroxide

Answer 5

absorb carbon dioxide

Question 6

where in the leaf cells does photosynthesis take place

Answer 6

chloroplasts

Question 7

how do you de-starch a plant

Answer 7

place in a dark room so it can’t photosynthesise and is forced to use it’s stored starch for food until it’s all gone

Question 8

use of hydrochloric acid a marble chips

Answer 8

release co2

Question 9

what is light energy converted to in the chloroplasts

Answer 9

chemical energy

Question 10

what layer of leaf contains the most chloroplasts

Answer 10

palisade layer

Question 11

what part allows light to easily pass through t the palisade cells

Answer 11

transparent waxy cuticle and upper epidermis (no chloroplasts)

Question 12

function of stomata

Answer 12

allow gas exchange in and out of leaf

Question 13

cells that open and close the stomata

Answer 13

guard cells

Question 14

can number of chloroplasts limit the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

transpiration

Answer 15

the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves

Question 16

review testing a leaf for starch

Answer 16

okay mandi

Question 17

how does water enter a plant

Answer 17

root hair cells

Question 18

how does water travel through the plant

Answer 18

xylem vessels UP the plant

Question 19

what is water needed for in a plant

Answer 19

photosynthesis for food
transport of minerals for healthy growth
support - keeps turgid

Question 20

how does water provide support

Answer 20

fills the cell vacuole which pushes against the cell wall

Question 21

phloem function

Answer 21

vessels carrying sucrose up and down the plant

Question 22

xylem vs phloem diagram description in root

Answer 22

xylem is a cross
phloem fill in the 4 gaps made around

Question 23

what process is water taken up by

Answer 23

osmosis

Question 24

osmosis definition

Answer 24

movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semi permeable membrane down the concentration gradient

Question 25

explain how water moves through the roots by osmosis

Answer 25

soil is more dilute so it moves in each cell's cell sap becomes more dilute than the next so osmosis continues down conc. gradient it eventually reaches the xylem

Question 26

by what process are minerals taken up by

Answer 26

active transport

Question 27

what does active transport require

Answer 27

energy int he form of ATP which is produced by respiration

Question 28

what is needed for respiration to occur and therefore active transport

Answer 28

oxygen and glucose

Question 29

why is there a continuous flow of water from roots to leaves

Answer 29

diffusion of water vapour through the stomata causes more water to be pulled up by transpiration

Question 30

can stomata reduce transpiration? what else does it stop

Answer 30

yes if they close to prevent wilting on a hot day but also reduces photosynthesis which is wanted on a hot day as it stops gas exchange

Question 31

what factors affect the rate of transpiration

Answer 31

wind speed - conc gradient remain steep as water vapour outisde is removed temperature - more kinetic energy for diffusion humidity - conc gradient is kept steep

Question 32

xylem vs phloem diagram description in stem

Answer 32

middle is xylem outside is phloem