B1.8 Evolution Flashcards Preview

Biology: B1 > B1.8 Evolution > Flashcards

Flashcards in B1.8 Evolution Deck (13)
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1
Q

What does Darwin’s theory of evolution state?

A

All living things have evolved from simple life forms that first developed more than three billion years ago

2
Q

Why was the theory of evolution originally not accepted?

A

It challenged the idea of God, there was insufficient evidence at the time, the mechanisms of inheritance and variation was not yet known

3
Q

What is Lamarck’s theory?

A

Changes in characteristics can occur by the consistent use of a characteristic causing it to develop over time. These changes in an organism’s lifetime can be inherited in offspring

4
Q

What is an example of Lamarck’s theory?

A

A giraffe extending its neck so much that it gets longer. Or a rabbit using its legs to run so much that they become longer. These developments would be passed onto the next generation

5
Q

What does studying similarities and differences between organisms allow us to do?

A

Classify living organisms into animals, plants and microorganisms

6
Q

What does looking at similarities help us to understand?

A

Evolutionary relationships and suggest relationships between organisms

7
Q

Why might species’ show a wide variation?

A

Individual organisms have differences in their genes

8
Q

Individuals with characteristics most suited to the environment are…

A

More likely to survive and breed successfully

9
Q

Genes which enable individuals to survive are then…

A

Passed on to the next generation

10
Q

What are evolutionary trees used to show?

A

The relationships between organisms

11
Q

What is a mutation?

A

A change in an organisms DNA

12
Q

What can mutations result in?

A

Beneficial new characteristics which allow organisms to survive and pass them onto their offspring

13
Q

New genes by mutations may result in a rapid…

A

Change in a species if the environment changes