B2.2 The Circulatory System

Question 1

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 1

Carry oxygen

Question 2

What do lymphocytes do?

Answer 2

Make antibodies

Question 3

What do phagocytes do?

Answer 3

Digest microbes

Question 4

What convert fibrogen to fibrin to form a mesh to trap blood which causes scab formation?

Answer 4

Platelets

Question 5

Define double circulation.

Answer 5

When blood is pumped through the heart twice in one complete cycle.

Question 6

How does blood move through the body?

Answer 6

It’s pumped through the right side of the heart to the lungs and then returned to the left side of the heart before being pumped around the body.

Question 7

What type of blood does the right ventricle and atrium contain?

Answer 7

Deoxygenated

Question 8

What type of blood does the left atrium and ventricle contain?

Answer 8

oxygenated blood

Question 9

What will happen to the heart rate in an unfit person during exercise?

Answer 9

It increases faster

Question 10

What happens to the peak of the heart rate during exercise in an unfit person?

Answer 10

It reachers a higher peak

Question 11

In an unfit person, will it take longer or shorter for their heart rate to return to rest after exercise?

Answer 11

Longer

Question 12

Describe the thickness of the vessel wall in the artery

Answer 12

Thick

Question 13

Describe the thickness of the vessel wall in the viens

Answer 13

Relatively thin

Question 14

Describe the thickness of the vessel wall in the capillary

Answer 14

One cell thick

Question 15

Describe the diameter of the lumen in the artery

Answer 15

Relatively small

Question 16

Describe the diameter of the lumen in the veins

Answer 16

Relatively large

Question 17

Describe the diameter of the lumen in the capilary

Answer 17

Very small

Question 18

Are there valves in the artery?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

Are there valves in the veins?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Are there valves in the capillary?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Is pressure high or low in the artery?

Answer 21

High

Question 22

Is pressure high or low in the vein?

Answer 22

Low

Question 23

Is pressure high or low in the capillary?

Answer 23

Low

Question 24

Does the artery carry deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Answer 24

Oxygenated - except Pul Art.

Question 25

Does the vein carry deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Answer 25

Deoxygenated - except Pul Vein

Question 26

What does the cappillary allow the exchange of?

Answer 26

An exchange of gasses

Question 27

Why do coronary blood vessels become narrow?

Answer 27

Due to the build up of cholesterol, meaning less blood can flow through them.

Question 28

What is the first stage in a heart attack?

Answer 28

Build up of cholesterol - narrows the arteries

Question 29

What is the second stage in a heart attack?

Answer 29

The cholesterol or a blood clot cause a blockage

Question 30

What is the third step of a heart attack?

Answer 30

Blood unable to deliver oxygen or sugar to some heart cells

Question 31

What is the final stage of a heart attack?

Answer 31

Affected heart cells cant respire, muscle cells die and the heart contracts.

Question 32

How does a stroke happen?

Answer 32

The blood vessels in the brain become blocked in the same way as in a heart atack

Question 33

List 6 risk factors for a heart attack

Answer 33

Diet high in saturated fat Smoking Lack of excercise Stress Weight Excess alcohol

Question 34

What is an angioplasty?

Answer 34

When stents are used to hold open a narrow artery

Question 35

What are statins?

Answer 35

Drug that reduces cholesterol

Question 36

What is asprin?

Answer 36

A drug that thins blood

Question 37

What is the purpose of valves in the heart?

Answer 37

Prevents backflow of blood

Question 38

Is Fibrin insoluble or soluble?

Answer 38

Insoluble

Question 39

All body cells require a blood supply, if there is no blood supply these cells will die. Why is this?

Answer 39

There is no oxygen which leads to less energy