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Health and social care unit 1 > B3 Environmental and Social Factors > Flashcards

B3 Environmental and Social Factors Flashcards

1
Q

What are different types of pollution?

A
  • air
  • light
  • noise
  • water
  • household (cleaning products)
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2
Q

What causes pollution?

A
  • environment may contain chemicals from vehicle exhausts and industrial emmisions
  • household pollutants such as mould and cleaning products emit poisonous gases
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3
Q

What can pollution cause?

A
  • triggers asthma and other diseases such as COPD
  • can cause pneumonia
  • can weaken immune system
  • can trigger allergies
  • can affect sleep causing stress and anxiety
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4
Q

How can pollutants cause cardiovascular problems?

A
  • exposure to chemicals in the air can increase the risk of thrombosis and raised blood pressure
  • pregnant women inhaling can cause abby to have cardiovascular disease later
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5
Q

How can mould impact an individual?

A
  • respiratory and cardiovascular problems due to bacteria spread
  • people with immune suppression are more susceptible to fungal infections
  • difficulty breathing
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6
Q

How can lack of heating impact an individual?

A
  • can cause hypothermia
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7
Q

How can overcrowding impact an individual?

A

-anxiety and depression
- limit access to washing and cooking
- infection is more likely to spread
- issues with lack of access to outdoor exercise

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8
Q

How can unsanitary conditions impact an individual?

A

spread of infection

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9
Q

How can the inability to repair construction issues impact an individual?

A

physical injuries can occur

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10
Q

How can poor quality housing cause cardiovascular problems?

A
  • can lead to stress and impact blood pressure
  • may be associated with poor lifestyle such as ready meals and smoking
  • lack of green spaces meaning not a lot of physical activity
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11
Q

How can poor quality housing cause hypothermia?

A
  • low income families are unable to heat homes
  • older people who live in homes with lack of insulation and poor heating
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12
Q

How can poor quality housing cause anxiety/depression?

A
  • may cause stress and depression and other mental issues
  • rising bills can lead to lack of sleep
  • children living in overcrowded houses experience mental health issues
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13
Q

How can transport be a barrier to accessing health services?

A
  • may not have access to a car
  • may live in remote areas where there is no public transport
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14
Q

How can opening hours be a barrier to accessing health services?

A
  • appointments during working hours may be inconvenient
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15
Q

How can service availability be a barrier to accessing health services?

A
  • specialist services may not always be available in certain geographical areas
  • pressures on services may mean long waiting list or time
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16
Q

How can individual circumstances be a barrier to accessing health services?

A
  • mobility (wheelchair)
  • individuals with learning needs may find it difficult understanding how to book an app
  • sensory difficulties (blind/deaf)
  • may not be able to afford childcare
17
Q

What are 3 social factors that can affect an individual?

A
  • family dysfunction
  • bullying
  • cultural/religion/beliefs
18
Q

What is family dysfunction?

A
  • where a family is not providing the benefits that one should receive from a family (support)
19
Q

What are the benefits of a functional family?

A
  • support each other
  • form emotional relationships
  • provides a setting that meets basic needs
  • provides first experiences of social interaction
20
Q

Why can a family become dysfunctional?

A
  • family members may be stressed
  • adults may have poor parenting skills
  • parenting may be inconsistent
21
Q

What impact does divorce have on development for children?

A
  • children can experience emotional problems that affect their self esteem and self confidence (depression)
  • may lack resilience and rely on peers which could lead to drinking or drugs
  • more likely to experience underachievement in education
22
Q

What are the 4 parenting styles?

A
  • authoritative
  • authoritarian
  • permissive
  • uninvolved
23
Q

What is the authoritative parenting style?

A
  • parents aren’t overly strict
  • children brought up to respect authority and develop appropriate values
  • children are more resilient and conform easily to social norms
  • higher academic performance and less mental health
24
Q

What is the authoritarian parenting style?

A
  • parents have high expectations often overwhelming their children with strict rules
  • children are often rebellious and may become problematic at home and in social settings
    -lower academic performance and high mental illness
25
Q

What is the permissive parenting style?

A
  • parents make few demands and try not to make rules and upset the children
  • children lack self-control as they have no boundaries and may experience problems in managing relationships
26
Q

What is the uninvolved parenting style?

A
  • parents are not involved in their child’s life
  • make few demands and lack responsiveness
  • child usually are impulsive, take part in delinquency
  • more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol and suicide
27
Q

What is sibling rivalry?

A

A sense of competition between siblings

28
Q

What are the effects of bullying?

A
  • undermine self-esteem leading to stress anxiety and depression
  • may feel isolated
  • self harm
  • suicide
29
Q

How can religion/culture affect medical intervention?

A
  • some religions believe that certain medical procedures are not allowed (JW and blood trans)
  • some cultures/religions only seek help from same sex doctors
30
Q

How can religion/culture affect diet?

A
  • some are not allowed to eat certain foods and others are only allowed to eat it if it’s prepared in a certain way
  • jewish people don’t eat pork or shellfish
  • hindu/sikh are vegetarian
  • muslims don’t eat pork or non halal meats and don’t consume alcohol and have periods of fasting
31
Q

How does vegetarianism impact development?

A
  • usually have lower risk of high cholesterol, heart disease and high no
  • iron, calcium and vitamin b12 deficiency due to no meat and fish may affect production of red blood cells and muscle function
32
Q

What are the positive effects of culture and beliefs on development?

A
  • allow them to socialise with like minded people
  • feel accepted and understood
  • leads to a more tolerant and diverse society
33
Q

What are the negative effects of culture and beliefs on development?

A
  • may face discrimination
  • may feel excluded at times
  • may not feel valued because their culture is not understood

Health and social care unit 1 (13 decks)

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