B4 Flashcards
(47 cards)
What are the parts of the blood
- Plasma
- red blood cells
- white blood cells
- platelets
What colour is the blood plasma
It a thick yellow liquid
What does the blood plasma do
Transports all your blood cells and some other substances around the body
What does the plasma transport
- Urea is formed in your liver and is moved into the kidney through it
- Small soluble products of digestion
What do the red blood cells do
Red blood cells pick up oxygen from the lungs and carry it to the cells that it is needed from.
What are the adaptation of the red blood cell
- they are biconcave to increase surface area
- they have a red pigment called haemoglobin that binds to oxygen
- they have no nucleus to allow more space for haemoglobin
What are the function of the white blood cell
They help protect the body from harmful pathogens
What are the two white blood cells called
Lymphocytes and Phagocytes
What does the lymphocytes do
They dorm antibodies against microorganisms
What does the phagocytes do
Phagocytes engulfs and digests invading bacterias and viruses
What are platelets
Small fragments of cells
What do platelets do
They help the blood clot at the site of a wound
What is blood clotting
Blood clotting is the series of enzyme controlled reactions that result in converting fibrinogen into fibrin
What is the artery and what does it do
The arteries carry blood away from your heart to your organs. The blood is bright red as it is oxygenated. Arteries have thick walls containing muscles and elastic fibres.
What is the vein and what does it do
The vein carries blood away from the organs an to your heart. The blood is deoxygenated and therefore a deep purple-red colour. They have thin walls and have valves to prevent back flow of blood.
What are the capillaries and what does it do
The capillaries form a huge network that link veins and arteries they are narrow and have thin walls( one cell thick) which letts stuff diffuse out easily
What do mammals all have in common
Double circulatory system
What are is the functions the two transports systems in the double circulatory system
- one transport system carries blood from your heart to your lungs and back again, this allows the blood to become oxygenated
- the other transport system carries the blood from the heart and then around the body
What are the top chambers called in a heart
Atria
Where does the blood come from too the right atrium
Vena cava and is deoxygenated
Where does the blood come from too the left atrium
Pulmonary vein and is oxygenated blood
Where does the atrium push the blood too
The ventricles
What stops back flow of blood
Valves
Where and what through does the right ventricle pump
The right ventrial pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
