B5 - Homeostasis and response

Question 1

What is the cerebral cortex?

Answer 1

The outer part of the brain responsible for intelligence, language, memory and consciousness

Question 2

What is is the medulla?

Answer 2

The part of the brain that controls unconscious activities such as heart rate and breathing rate

Question 3

What is the cerebellum?

Answer 3

The part of the brain that controls balance, co-ordination of movement and muscular activity

Question 4

What is is an MRI?

Answer 4

A brain scanning technique

Question 5

What is is acommodation?

Answer 5

The process of changing the shape of the lens to focus on near or distant objects

Question 6

What is is myopia?

Answer 6

Short-sightedness

Question 7

What is is hyperopia?

Answer 7

Long-sightedness

Question 8

What is is vasodilation?

Answer 8

When blood vessels supplying blood to the skin widen and allow more warm blood to flow near the surface of the skin, where the heat is lost to the air

Question 9

What is is vasoconstriction?

Answer 9

When blood vessels supplying blood to the skin narrow and allow less warm blood to flow near the surface of the skin, which reduces heat loss

Question 10

What is deamination?

Answer 10

The removal of the amine group on amino acids to form urea

Question 11

What is is selective reabsorption?

Answer 11

When useful substances are reabsorbed back into the blood from the kidney tubules

Question 12

What is is ADH?

Answer 12

A hormone released from the pituitary gland which regulates the water concentration of the blood

Question 13

What is Thyroxine?

Answer 13

A hormone released from the thyroid gland which stimulates the basal metabolic rate

Question 14

What is homeostasis?

Answer 14

The regulation of internal conditions to maintain optimum conditions in response to changes

Question 15

What is a stimulus?

Answer 15

A change in the environment

Question 16

What are receptors?

Answer 16

Cells that detect changes in the environment

Question 17

What are coordination centres?

Answer 17

Receive and process information from receptors. E.g. brain

Question 18

What are effectors?

Answer 18

Muscles or glands which bring about a response

Question 19

What is a reflex action?

Answer 19

An automatic and rapid action

Question 20

What is the endocrine system

Answer 20

Consists of glands that release hormones into the blood to get to a target organ to cause a response

Question 21

What is insulin?

Answer 21

A hormone released from the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels and causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells. It causes glucose to be converted into glycogen for storage in the liver

Question 22

What is glucagon?

Answer 22

A hormone released from the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels and causes glycogen to be broken down into glucose and released back into the blood

Question 23

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 23

When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin

Question 24

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 24

When the body cells no longer respond to insulin

Question 25

What is oestrogen?

Answer 25

A hormone released by the ovaries. Stops FSH being released and stimulates LH to be released

Question 26

What is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Answer 26

A hormone released by the pituitary gland. Causes maturation of the egg in the ovary

Question 27

What is lutenising hormone (LH)?

Answer 27

A hormone released by the pituitary gland. Causes the egg to be released from the ovary

Question 28

What is in vitro fertilisation (IVF)?

Answer 28

An expensive proceedure in which egg cells are fertilised outside of the body with sperm cells and then planted in the uterus