B7 - Non - Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What is a disease risk factor?
factors which increase the likelihood of disease.
What type of disease risk factors are there?
genetic
lifestyle
environment
What is a tumour?
changes to a cell’s DNA that causes uncontrolled growth and division, resulting in a large mass.
What is cancer?
changes to a cell’s DNA that causes uncontrolled growth and division, forming malignant tumours.
What is a carcinogen?
chemicals or radiation sources that can increase risk of malignant tumours.
What is a benign tumour?
growths which are compacted and contained within a single area inside a membrane.
Not cancerous.
Doesn’t spread to other body parts.
What is a malignant tumour?
able to invade neighbouring tissues and spread in the blood to form secondary tumours.
harder to treat.
cancerous.
What is cardiovascular disease?
Diseases of the blood vessels and heart.
How is smoking harmful?
Smoking can make artery walls sticky, causing fat deposits to build up and vessels to clot. This can lead to stroke or heart disease.
How is smoking whilst pregnant harmful?
Risk of premature birth.
Risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
Decreased birthweight.
What is type 2 diabetes?
When a persons body stops responding to their insulin. This leads to uncontrollably high blood glucose.
What is the treatment to type 2 diabetes?
Exercise more.
Lose weight.
Reduce carbohydrate intake.
What are the problems with alcohol?
Addiction.
There’s proven causal mechanism between drinking alcohol and liver/brain damage. And damage to unborn babies.
It’s a known carcinogen for liver cancer.
